1． 一般現(xiàn)在時
一般現(xiàn)在時的形式
是以動詞的原形表示的,當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,做謂語的動詞原形后要加上詞尾-s or –es,其構(gòu)成方式列表如下：
情況 構(gòu)成 例詞
一般情況 詞尾加-s Reads,writes
以ch,sh,s,x,o結(jié)尾的詞 詞尾加-es Teaches,washes,guesses,fixes,goes
以輔音字母+Y 結(jié)尾的詞 變Y為I,再加-es Tries,carries
但是,動詞to be 和to have 的一般現(xiàn)在時的形式特殊如下：
一般動詞的詞形變化 To be 的詞形變化 To have 的詞形變化
I know it I am a student I have a pen.
You know it.You are a student You have a pen
He (she) knows it.He (she) is a student.He (she)has a pen.
We (you,they) know it.We (you,they) are students.We (you,they) have pens.
一般現(xiàn)在時的功用
1.表示一直發(fā)生的事情,經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作：
Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
Excuse me,do you speak English?
I get up at 8 o’clock every morning.
It often rains in summer in Beijing.
2.表示客觀事實或者真理：
Birds fly.
The earth goes around the sun.
3.談?wù)摃r間表、旅程表等,如：
What time does the film begin?
The football match starts at 8 o’clock.
Tomorrow is Thursday.
4.談?wù)摷?、國籍?如：
Where do you come from?
I come from China.你是哪國人?我是中國人.
Where do you come from?
I come from Guangzhou.你是哪里人?我是廣州人.
5.詢問或者引用書籍、通知或新近接到的信箋內(nèi)容,如：
What does that notice say?
What does Ann say in her letter?
She says she’s coming to Beijing next week.
Shakespears says,“Neither a borrower or a lender be.”
莎士比亞說：“既不要向人借錢,也不要借錢給別人.”