介詞without用法說明 1.表示否定,其意為“沒有”“無”“不需”.如：He went out without his umbrella.他外出沒有帶傘.I was without anyone to look after my child.沒有人替我照看孩子.The letter had been posted without a stamp.那封信沒貼郵票就寄出去了.若用于否定詞no,not,never等之后,則表示肯定,其意為“沒有……不”“沒有……則不能”“每……必定”.如：There is no smoke without fire.無風不起浪.Don’t go out without a coat on.不要沒穿外衣就出去.They never meet without quarrelling.他們一見面就爭吵.What he has said is not without reason.他說的話不是沒有道理.2.其后除可接名詞或代詞外,也可接動名詞.如：He walked past me without speaking.他從我身旁走過,一句話也沒說.He left without paying his bill.他沒有付賬就走了.It is strange that he should have gone away without telling us.真奇怪,他沒有告訴我們一聲就走了.3.有時表示條件,意為“若無”“若非”.如：Without water,we cannot live.沒有水,我們就活不了.Can you see without your glasses?你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎?這樣用時,有時還可引出虛擬語氣,相當于 but for.如：Without your advice I would have failed.假若沒有你的勸告,我想必已失敗了.I never could have done it without your help.如果沒有你的幫助我永遠也不會完成這事.4.后接兩個并列成分時,既可用and也可用or,即without A and B與without A or B 同義,相當于without A and without B,同時否定A、B兩者.如：We cannot survive for long without food and [or] water.我們沒有食物和水就活不了多久.5.所引出的介詞短語通常用作狀語,但有時也可用作表語,表示“沒有”.如：He is without bias.他沒有成見.