The use of mechanical dictionaries to overcome the barriers of language was first suggested in the 17th century.
機(jī)械詞典被用于克服語言障礙的想法始于17世紀(jì).
However,it was not until the 20th century that the first concrete proposals were made,in patents issued independently in 1933 by George Artsrouni,a French-Armenian,and by a Russian,Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii.
然而,第一個實體的設(shè)計直到20世紀(jì)才由法籍美國人George Artsrouni和俄羅斯人Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii實現(xiàn),并于1933年發(fā)明并被分別授予專利.
Artsrouni designed a storage device on paper tape which could be used to find the equivalent of any word in another language;
Artsrouni設(shè)計了一個以紙帶式存儲設(shè)備,并將其用來尋找任意詞條所對應(yīng)的另一種語言解釋.
a prototype was apparently demonstrated in 1937.
1937年,另一個原型被用實際證明.
The proposals by Troyanskii were in retrospect more significant.
回顧起來,這個Troyanskii的設(shè)計更具有現(xiàn)實意義.
He envisioned three stages of mechanical translation:
他構(gòu)思了機(jī)械式翻譯的三個階段：
first,an editor knowing only the source language was to undertake the 'logical' analysis of words into their base forms and syntactic functions;
首先,一個只識別源語言的編譯器將源語言詞匯進(jìn)行“邏輯式”的分析并被分解為詞的原型和句式結(jié)構(gòu).
secondly,the machine was to transform sequences of base forms and functions into equivalent sequences in the target language;
其次,機(jī)器會按原型和句法功能將源語言序列翻譯成為等價的目標(biāo)語言序列.
finally,another editor knowing only the target language was to convert this output into the normal forms of his own language.
最終,另一個只識別目標(biāo)語言的編譯器將輸出語言序列轉(zhuǎn)化為該語言的正常的表達(dá).
Troyanskii envisioned both bilingual and multilingual translation.
Troyanskii據(jù)此同時構(gòu)思了雙語種翻譯器和多語種翻譯器.
Although his patent referred only to the machine which would undertake the second stage,Troyanskii believed that "the process of logical analysis could itself be mechanized".
雖然他的專利只將翻譯器進(jìn)行到其構(gòu)思的第二階段,但是Troyanskii認(rèn)為,“邏輯分析過程本身是可以被機(jī)械化的”.
希望回答有助于你理解