London (pronounced /ˈlʌndən/) is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom.It has been an influential city for two millennia,and its history goes back to its founding by the Romans,then named Londinium.[6] London's core,the ancient City of London,the 'square mile',retains its medieval boundaries.However,since at least the nineteenth century,the name "London" has also referred to the whole metropolis that has developed around it.[7] Today,the bulk of this conurbation forms the London region[8] and the Greater London administrative area,[9] with its own elected mayor and assembly.[10]
London is a global city[11][12] and one of the world's largest financial centres.[13][14][15][16] Central London is home to the headquarters of more than half of the UK's top 100 listed companies (the FTSE 100) and more than 100 of Europe's 500 largest.London's influence in politics,education,entertainment,media,fashion,the arts and culture in general contributes to its global position.It is a major tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors.London hosted the 1908 and 1948 Summer Olympics and will host the 2012 Summer Olympics.[17]
London contains four World Heritage Sites:the Tower of London; the historic settlement of Greenwich; the Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew; and the site comprising the Palace of Westminster,Westminster Abbey and St.Margaret's Church.[18]
London has a wide range of peoples,cultures,and religions,and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries.[19] In July 2007,it had an official population of 7,556,900 within the boundaries of Greater London,[20] making it the most populous municipality in the European Union.[21] The Greater London Urban Area (the second largest in the EU) has a population of 8,278,251.[2] while the metropolitan area (the largest in the EU) has an estimated total population of between 12 million[3] and 14 million.[4] The public transport network,administered by Transport for London,is the most extensive in the world,[22] London Heathrow Airport is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers[23] and the airspace is the busiest of any urban centre in the world.[24]
翻譯：倫敦（發(fā)音/lʌndən/）是英格蘭和英國(guó)的首都.這已是兩千年一個(gè)有影響的城市,其歷史可以追溯到成立由羅馬人,命名為倫迪尼烏姆.[6]倫敦的核心,在倫敦,'平方英里的古代城市,保留了中世紀(jì)的邊界.不過(guò),至少自19世紀(jì)里,“倫敦”也提到了它周圍的整個(gè)大都市發(fā)展.[7]今天,這個(gè)集合城市的大部分地區(qū)形成了倫敦[8]和大倫敦行政區(qū)域[9]擁有自己選出的市長(zhǎng)和議會(huì).[10]
倫敦是一個(gè)國(guó)際城市[11] [12]以及世界上最大的金融中心之一.[13] [14] [15] [16]倫敦市中心的家以上英國(guó)最大的100家上市公司的一半總部（金融時(shí)報(bào)100）和100多名歐洲最大的500家.倫敦在政治,教育,娛樂(lè),媒體,時(shí)尚,藝術(shù)和文化的影響一般有利于它的國(guó)際地位.這是一個(gè)為國(guó)內(nèi)和海外游客的主要旅游目的地.倫敦主辦了1908年和1948年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì),將舉辦2012年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì).[17]
倫敦包含四個(gè)世界遺產(chǎn)：在倫敦塔,格林威治歷史性的解決;皇家植物園邱園,和站點(diǎn)組成的威斯敏斯特,威斯敏斯特教堂和圣瑪格麗特教堂宮殿.[18]
倫敦的民族,多種文化和宗教,以及300多個(gè)語(yǔ)言對(duì)境內(nèi)發(fā)言.[19]在2007年7月,它在大倫敦地區(qū)的邊界正式的755.69萬(wàn)人口,[20]使在歐盟人口最多的直轄市.[21]大倫敦都市區(qū)（在歐盟第二大）有8278251人.[2],而首都地區(qū)（在歐盟最大的）的總?cè)丝诠烙?jì)年齡介乎12萬(wàn)[3]和1400萬(wàn)美元.[4]公共交通網(wǎng)絡(luò),交通管理的倫敦,是世界上最廣泛,[22]倫敦的希思羅機(jī)場(chǎng)是世界最繁忙的國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)乘客人數(shù)[ 23]和領(lǐng)空,是世界上任何城市中心最繁忙的.[24]