英語(yǔ)單詞發(fā)音規(guī)則
一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母 讀 音 例 詞
a 在開(kāi)音節(jié)中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在閉音節(jié)中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在開(kāi)音節(jié)中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在閉音節(jié)中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在開(kāi)音節(jié)中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在閉音節(jié)中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在開(kāi)音節(jié)中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在閉音節(jié)中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在開(kāi)音節(jié)中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在閉音節(jié)中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在開(kāi)音節(jié)中,元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s后面時(shí)讀[u:]音,例如：June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音
元音字母 讀 音 例 詞
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母 讀 音 例 詞
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
動(dòng)詞中的a如果處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置,a讀[ei]音,例如：operate
u處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置,又在輔音字母j l r s后面時(shí),讀[u(:)]音,例如：July influence February issue
在非重讀音節(jié)中,許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 即可以讀作[E]音,也可以讀作音.
四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀 音 例 詞
arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
輔音字母r雙寫(xiě)時(shí),前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音.例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀[E]音,例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀 音 例 詞
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中,ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音,例如：picture pleasure
重讀元音字母加Rr,再加非重讀元字組時(shí),重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀,字母Rr讀[r]音.例如：parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)音短化現(xiàn)象.例如：orange very American paragraph
六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀 音 例 詞
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音
元音字組或字群 讀 音 例 詞
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音或.例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)注重音符號(hào),但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀.例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些詞隨著語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展,前后兩部分已失去其單獨(dú)存在的意義,融合成為一個(gè)詞.其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音.例如： sun太陽(yáng) + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中斷 + fast[α:]齋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、輔字組的讀音
輔字組 讀 音 例 詞
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重讀音節(jié)中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在詞首或清輔音前元音字母間或濁輔音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情況下在弱讀字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情況下在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中在詞尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重讀元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo