Napoleon Bonaparte,(15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) later known as Napoleon I,was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the history of Europe.He was a general during the French Revolution,the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic and Emperor of the First French Empire.
Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France,he rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France.In 1804 he crowned himself Emperor of the French.In the first decade of the nineteenth century,he turned the armies of France against every major European power and dominated continental Europe through a series of military victories.
The French invasion of Russia in 1812 marked a turning point in Napoleon's fortunes.In 1813,the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig,invaded France and exiled him to the island of Elba.Less than a year later,he returned and was finally defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815.Napoleon spent the last six years of his life under British supervision on the island of Saint Helena,where he died in 1821.
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