主謂一致中的靠近原則
1）當(dāng)there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時(shí),謂語應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致.例如：
There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有一支筆、一把小刀和幾本書.
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十個(gè)男孩,二十三個(gè)女孩.
2）當(dāng)either… or… 與neither… nor,連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致.如果句子是由here,there引導(dǎo),而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí),謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致.例如：
Either you or she is to go.不是你去,就是她去.
Here is a pen,a few envelops and some paper for you.給你筆、信封和紙.
謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致
當(dāng)主語后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等詞引起的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致.
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
與后接名詞或代詞保持一致
1） 用half of,part of,most of,a portion of 等詞引起主語時(shí),動(dòng)詞通常與of后面的名詞,代詞保持一致.
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2） 在一些短語,如 many a 或 more than one 所修飾的詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式.但由more than… of 作主語時(shí),動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致.
Many a person has read the novel.許多人都讀過這本書.
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的學(xué)生都來自這個(gè)城市.