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1、for example副詞短語,用作插入語,列舉代表同類事物性質(zhì)或一般規(guī)律的典型例子,也可以用拉丁語縮略形式e.g.（exempli gratia）取代.
 

Many factors are important,for example class,gender,age and ethnicity.許多因素都很重要,如階級、性別、年齡及民族.

 
2、for instance 副詞短語,用作插入語,說明、支持或反證一般事實或理論的事例.
 

There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving; for instance,training lions.有的工作比駕駛卡車更危險,例如馴獅.

 
3、such as 復合介詞,用來列舉所包容的事物
 

Everyday objects such as cups and saucers should be assorted.應該配齊諸如杯碟之類的日用品.

 
4、like 介詞,用來列舉性質(zhì)相同的事物
 

saved things like old newspapers and pieces of string.收集起來的如舊報紙和繩子之類的東西

 
5、as 連詞,連接省略的句子列舉分類事物
 

Some animals,as dogs and cats (eat meat),eat meat.有些動物是食肉的,如狗,貓等.‍

 
6. namely (可以用來自拉丁語的縮略語viz.[videlicet] 代替,讀做namely),that is,that is to say,in other words 是一組同義詞,可以相互取代,意思是“換言之/也就是說/即”,用來進行具體的說明.
 

The railroad connects two cities,namely/that is,New York and Chicago.這條鐵路聯(lián)接兩個城市,即紐約和芝加哥.

I'll see you in a week,that is to say/in other words,next Monday.下周我們見面,也就是說下星期一吧.

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