1.概念:
過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為;
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):
be動(dòng)詞;行為動(dòng)詞 的過(guò)去式
4.否定形式
:was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:
was或were放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn),同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞.
6.例句:
She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示(1)過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生,并且一下子就完成了的動(dòng)作(即:非持續(xù)性動(dòng)作),也可以表示(2)過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.一般過(guò)去時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,只說(shuō)明過(guò)去.
句式:主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去動(dòng)詞+其他
I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱麗亞說(shuō)了幾句話.(1)
He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他沒(méi)有戒煙的那陣子,
抽煙抽得可兇了.(2)
一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或從句連用,如:yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等.
句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)還是用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),取決于動(dòng)作是否對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響.
Have you had your lunch? 你吃過(guò)午飯了嗎?(意思是說(shuō)你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎?)
Yes, I have. 是的,我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)了.(意思是說(shuō)已經(jīng)吃飽了,不想再吃了.)
When did you have it? 你是什么時(shí)候吃的?(關(guān)心的是吃的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在何時(shí).)
I had it about ten minutes ago. 我是大約十分鐘以前吃的.
Used to do something 表示過(guò)去常做而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止了的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作.
I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我過(guò)去常常一天干十四個(gè)小時(shí).
I ate it at 6:45.我在六點(diǎn)四十五分吃了.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法
1 帶有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),要用過(guò)去時(shí)
如:yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(兩天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前幾天)、once upon a time(過(guò)去曾經(jīng))、 just now(剛才)、in the old days(過(guò)去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、 When I was 8 years old(當(dāng)我八歲時(shí)…)、at+一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)
Did you have a party the other day?
前幾天,你們開了晚會(huì)了嗎?
Lei Feng was a good soldier.
雷鋒是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士.
注意
在談到已死去的人的情況時(shí),多用過(guò)去時(shí).
2 表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí),要用過(guò)去時(shí)
這種情況下,往往沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),而通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示.
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
那男孩把眼睛張開了一會(huì)兒,看看船長(zhǎng),然后就去世了.
3 表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)的動(dòng)作
常與always,never等連用.
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.
彼得太太過(guò)去老是帶著一把傘.
(只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘.)
比較
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.
彼得太太老是帶著傘.
(說(shuō)明這是她的習(xí)慣,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)
I never drink wine.我以前從不喝酒.
(不涉及到現(xiàn)在,不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)
4 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時(shí)要用used to do
He used to drink.
他過(guò)去喝酒.
(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了.喝酒這個(gè)動(dòng)作終止了)
I used to take a walk in the morning.
我過(guò)去是在早晨散步.
(意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了)
比較:
I took a walk in the morning.
我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過(guò)步.
(只是說(shuō)明過(guò)去這一動(dòng)作)
5 有些句子,雖然沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去確定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),但實(shí)際上是指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的話,也要用過(guò)去時(shí),這一點(diǎn),我們中國(guó)學(xué)生往往出錯(cuò),要特別注意!
I didn''t know you were in Paris.
我不知道你在巴黎.
(因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)話時(shí),我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了.這句話指的是說(shuō)話之前,所以只能用過(guò)去時(shí)表示.實(shí)際上,這句話暗指:But now I know you are here.)
I thought you were ill.
我以為你病了呢.
(這句話應(yīng)是在說(shuō)話之前,我以為你病了.但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒(méi)?。?br/>辨別正誤
Li Ming studied English this morning.
(把此句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
(×)1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning?
(動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形)
(×) 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning?
(時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用原句子的時(shí)態(tài))
(×) 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning?
(應(yīng)該用一般動(dòng)詞,而不是be動(dòng)詞)
(О) 4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning?
一過(guò):在過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.
主動(dòng):
肯定① be 分為was,were ② v+ed
否定① was/were not ② didn’t+v
疑問(wèn)① was/were+ 主 ② did+主+V
時(shí)狀:
1. yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening)
2. the day before yesterday
3. last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,centeury 世紀(jì))
4. ago
5.in 1980 (過(guò)去年份)
6.this morning/afternoon/evening
7.when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句 (過(guò)去)
8.in the past
9.just now
10.the other day -- a few days ago
11.at the age of 10 (過(guò)去年齡段)
12.in the old days
.(未完待續(xù))
動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則變化
1 直接加ed
2 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的,+d
3 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i加ed
4 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed
不規(guī)則變化
例如相等 eg:cut cut
read read
sit sat
——————————————————————————
句型結(jié)構(gòu)
1.一般句子
I watched TV last night.
2.一般疑問(wèn)句
Did you watch TV last night?
3.there be 句型
There was an apple on the table last night.
Was there an apple on the table last night?
一般過(guò)去時(shí)口訣
一般過(guò)去時(shí)并不難,表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)記心間.
動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句末站.
否定句很簡(jiǎn)單,didn't 站在動(dòng)詞原形前,其它部分不要變.
一般疑問(wèn)句也好變,did放在句子前,主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞原形、其它部分依次站.
特殊疑問(wèn)句也簡(jiǎn)單,疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句記心間.
最后一條請(qǐng)注意,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式要牢記.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)意義
一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)意義
急
急
英語(yǔ)人氣:497 ℃時(shí)間:2020-05-30 15:37:12
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