英語的時態(tài)（tense）是一種動詞形式,不同的時態(tài)用以表示不同的時間與方式.
是表示行為、動作和狀態(tài)在各種時間條件下的動詞形式.因此,當(dāng)我們說時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時候,指的是相應(yīng)時態(tài)下的動詞形式.
英語時態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時,以及這四者的進(jìn)行時、完成時和完成進(jìn)行時
下面就英語中常見的八種基本時態(tài)進(jìn)行闡述,其它的時態(tài)都是在這八種時態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合而成的.
一、 一般現(xiàn)在時
1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況.
2.時間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesn't,同時還原行為動詞.
5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時,還原行為動詞.
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words..
二、 一般過去時
1.概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等.
2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式
4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞.
5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞.
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為.
2.時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首.
6.例句： How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 過去進(jìn)行時
1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作.
2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing
4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首.
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 現(xiàn)在完成時
1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài).
2.時間狀語：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done
4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.
5.一般疑問句：have或has.
6.例句：I've written an article.
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
六、 過去完成時
1.概念：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去”.
2.時間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.
4.否定形式：had + not + done.
5.一般疑問句：had放于句首.
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+過去分詞(done)
①肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他
②否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他
③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他
④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
[編輯本段]七、 一般將來時
1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事.
2.時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are+going to + do；will/shall + do.
4.否定形式：am/is/are not going to do ；will/shall not do.
5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首.
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 過去將來時
1.概念：立足于過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中.
2.時間狀語：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.
4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首.
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
I asked who was going there .
九、將來完成時
1.概念：在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)
2.時間狀語：by the time of;by the end of+時間短語（將來）;by the time+從句（將來）
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to/will/shall + have done
4例句:By the time you get back,great changes will have taken place in this area.
十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時
1.概念：在過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到說話為止
2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +been+doing
幾種常見時態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換