名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es.現(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下：
規(guī)則\x05例詞
1\x05一般情況在詞尾加-s\x05map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days
2\x05以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-es\x05class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes
3\x05以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞\x05變-f和-fe為v再加-es\x05leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives
\x05\x05加-s\x05belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs
4\x05以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加-es\x05party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities
5\x05以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,或?qū)Ｓ忻~以y結(jié)尾的,加-s\x05toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys
6\x05以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞\x05一般加-es\x05hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes
\x05\x05不少外來詞加-s\x05piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos
\x05\x05兩者皆可\x05zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7\x05以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s\x05radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos
8\x05以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-s\x05truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,
2.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：
英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,現(xiàn)歸納如下：
規(guī)則\x05例詞
1\x05改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式\x05man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice
2\x05單復(fù)數(shù)相同\x05sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species li,yuan,jin,
3\x05只有復(fù)數(shù)形式\x05ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents
4\x05一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)\x05people,police,cattle,staff
5\x05部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）\x05audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party
6\x05復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義\x05customs(海關(guān)),forces(軍隊),times(時代),spirits(情緒),drinks(飲料),sands(沙灘),papers(文件報紙),manners(禮貌),looks(外表),brains(頭腦智力),greens(青菜),ruins(廢墟)
7\x05表示“某國人”\x05加-s\x05Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans
\x05\x05單復(fù)數(shù)同形\x05Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese
\x05\x05以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-women\x05Englishmen,Frenchwomen
8\x05合成名詞\x05將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x05sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boy friends
\x05\x05無主體名詞時將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x05grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches
\x05\x05將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x05women singers,men servants
動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化跟上面的規(guī)則一樣