一.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
用動(dòng)詞原形表示,但單數(shù)第三人稱后要加-S,在詞尾加-s 時(shí)要注意：
1． 一般情況：加-s 例,reads,writes,says
2． 以s,x,ch,sh收尾的詞加-es 例：teaches,washes,guesses
3． 以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞變y為I 再加-es例：try-tries.Carry-carries.這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的疑問句一般以句首加助動(dòng)詞do,does構(gòu)成.句中動(dòng)詞要用原形動(dòng)詞be提前：
Do you know it?
Are you students?
Does she have a pen?
1． 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：
We always care for each other and help each other.
They cycle to work every day.
2． 現(xiàn)在特征或狀態(tài)：
He loves sports.
Do you sing? A little.
I major in English.
3．遍真理
Light travels faster than sound.
Two and four makes six.
The moon moves round see the earth.
有些表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞常?？捎糜谝话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)：be love like hate want hope need prefer wish know understand remember believe recognize guess suppose mean belong think feel envy doubt remain consist contain seem look see fit suit owe own hear find suggest propose allow show prove mind have sound taste matter require possess desire等等.
I feel a sharp pain in my chest.
The soup contains too much salt.
You see what I mean?
The coat fits you very well.
How do you find the book?
有些表示動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞間或可用于這一時(shí)態(tài),表示現(xiàn)刻的動(dòng)作,由于動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間機(jī)短,用于進(jìn)行時(shí)不自然：
I send you my best wishes.
I salute your courage.
Now I extend my heartfelt thanks to you.
在口語中這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)用來表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定,計(jì)劃或安排發(fā)生的情況（這是都有一個(gè)表示未來時(shí)間的狀語）：
When do the train leave (stop at ji Nan)?
The plane takes off at 11 am.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
Is there a film on tonight?
但這只限少數(shù)動(dòng)詞,如begin come go leave sail start arrive return dine end stop depart open close be 等.另外,在時(shí)間或條件從句中,將來動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)多用這一時(shí)態(tài)表示：
Tell her about that when she comes.
Turn off the light before you leave.
We’ll start as soon as you are ready.
在口語中,這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)間或可以用來表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在說話人腦中處于很不重要的地位）：
They say Xiao wu is back, is that true?
Xiao tells me you’re going abroad.
Oh, I forget where he lives.
Yes, you answer quite well.
此外一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還多用于報(bào)刊,電影,電視解說等其它幾種情況.
二.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用助動(dòng)詞be 的人稱形式加現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成,它的肯定,否定,疑問形式如下：
I am working.
I am not working.
Am I working?
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在這一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.
Where are they having the basket-ball match?
They are putting up the scaffolding.
He’s showing a foreign guest round the city.
在不少情況下,表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的漢語句子,并沒有“正在”這樣的字,在譯為英語時(shí)卻必須用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：
How are you getting on with the work?
The work is going fairly smoothly.
You are making rapid progress.
It is blowing hard.
Who are you waiting for?
Whenever I see her, she is working in the garden.
在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)所列的表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞,一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)樗齻儾荒鼙硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.但如果詞義轉(zhuǎn)變,能表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,就能夠用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),試比較下面的句子：
Do you see anyone over there?
Are you seeing someone off?
I hear someone singing.
They are hearing an English talk?
What do you think of it?
What are you thinking about?
另外,表示無法持續(xù)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,一般不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),但有些可以用于這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示重復(fù),即將等：
He is jumping up and down.
The train is arriving.
The old man is dying.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（這是多有一個(gè)表示未來時(shí)間的狀語）：
We are leaving on Friday.
Are you going anywhere tomorrow?
A foreign guest is giving a lecture in English this afternoon.
Xiao Hong! Coming.
Who is interpreting for you?
We are having a holiday next Monday.
但這僅限于少量動(dòng)詞,如go come leave start arrive lunch return dine work sleep stay play do have wear 等.
另外,“be going+不定式“這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常用來表示即將發(fā)生的事或打算(準(zhǔn)備)做的事：
I am afraid it is going to rain.
It is going to be rather cold tomorrow.
She is not going to speak at the meeting.
在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中過去有許多人不贊成用go 和come 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞,感到很別扭,主張不說are you going to go anywhere tomorrow?而說are you going anywhere tomorrow?不說is she going to come? 而說is she coming? 但現(xiàn)在在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中用兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的人越來越多,這種用法基本被大家接受了.
此外,在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,間或也可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的情況或一般情況：
Do not mention this when you are talking with him.
Remember that when you are taking a rest, some else is always working.
If she is still sleeping, do not wake her up.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)用來代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示一個(gè)經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作和狀態(tài),這是或是為了表示一種感情（a）如贊嘆,厭煩等,或是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)情況的暫時(shí)性（b）.
A． how are you feeling today?(how do you feel today?更顯親切)
Xia Hua is doing fine work at school. (比Xiao Hua does fine work at school.更富贊美)
He is constantly leaving his thing about.
He is always thinking of his work.
He is always boasting.
B. he is sleeping in the next room now.
The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill.
Where is he working?
For this week we are starting work at 7:30.
He is walking to work because his bicycle is being repaired.
Be 間或可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),表示一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)：
You are not being modest.
He is being silly.
She is being friendly.
Xiao Hong is being a good girl today.
Do not talk rot. I am being serious.
注：在there 和here 引起的句子中,常可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：
Here comes the bus. (=the bus is coming).
There goes the bell. (=the bell is ringing.)
在某些情況下兩種情況都可以用,沒有多少差別：
I wonder (am wondering) how I should answer then.
Does your leg hurt? (Is your leg hurting?)
It itches (is itching) terribly.
My back aches (is aching).
I write (am writing) to inform you.
祝你學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步,更上一層樓!請(qǐng)記得采納,謝謝!(*^__^*)