as 和 like 在漢語(yǔ)中都譯做"像",但字面下的隱含意思是不同的.
like側(cè)重A B兩者間的比較,并不意味著A和B屬于一類(lèi)或完全相似.
例如:He speak English like an Englishman.(=in a way an Englishman
speaks English.)
表示有些相象
as則側(cè)重于同一性,意味著A B兩者屬于同一類(lèi)或完全相似.
例如:He speaks English as an Englishman.(=as well as an English.)
表示講得一樣好
as與like是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的兩個(gè)詞,他們的語(yǔ)義和用法很多.在語(yǔ)義上者兩個(gè)詞都可以當(dāng)"像.","正如."講,說(shuō)明人與人、物與物、動(dòng)作與動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)與狀態(tài)之間的相似之處.但其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)卻是不一樣的.
一、當(dāng)“像”講時(shí),語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的不同之處是：
1、as作連接詞.她引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句,而且這兩種從句通常為省略句.例如：
1、She is a fine singer,as her mother used to be.
2、There is as much water in this cupas in that one.
2、like作介詞.例如：
3、My sister isn''t much like me.
4、The robot can''t work like man.
如果需要加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,再這兩個(gè)詞之前加上just之類(lèi)的詞即可.例如：
5、All the plants and animals need air just as they need water.
6、Mary goes to school at seven every morning just like her brother.
含義不同之處是：
(1)like只是單純表示比較,而且通常不是同類(lèi)事物進(jìn)行比較：
7、The ship looks like a high building.
8、The sky was like ink over my head.
(2)as可表示同類(lèi)事物比較.
9、This ship is as long as that one.
二、當(dāng)“正如.”意義講時(shí),語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的不同之處是：
(1)as作關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞、引導(dǎo)定于從句.
as 在這樣的句子里指全句所談到的內(nèi)容,引出非限制性定于從句,在從句中一般做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).例如：
10、Metals have many good properties,as has been stated before.
11、As we said before,you have done a good job.
(2)like作界詞.
12、She,like thousands of others,is fascinated by this work.
三、as與like有時(shí)可以換用.
(1)在非正式的美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中l(wèi)ike可用作連詞,代替as.例如：
13、Nobody loves you like I do,baby.
(2)在非正式的文體中,like,常被用來(lái)代替as if.
14、Duke said:"You feel like you could reach out and touch it (the space)."
四、as常用于下列詞組：在as you know ,as we agreed,as you suggested 這些詞組中,as的實(shí)際意義不是比較,也不是相似,而是同一事物或人之義.例如：
as you know 的意思不是you know somthing like this ,而是you know this.
15、As he knew,she wasn''t much at letter-writing.
16、As all his friends agree,he was unusually warm-hearted,loving and generous.
在非正式問(wèn)題中,有時(shí)可以在這種詞組里用like,但在受過(guò)教育的人所使用的英語(yǔ)中不多見(jiàn)