對于“介詞+which／whom”結(jié)構(gòu)的考查,高考英語主要涉及以下幾個(gè)方面.
1.考查定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣
（1） 看定語從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配
Water is the natural medium in which fish live.水是魚類賴以生存的自然環(huán)境.（注意搭配live in）
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他們找尋的文件已經(jīng)找到了.（注意搭配 search for）
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.這是一個(gè)我們可能長時(shí)間爭論的問題.（注意搭配 argue about）
I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss books and music.我想找到一個(gè)可以和我談書和音樂的人.（注意搭配 discuss sth with sb）
注：有一些介詞為固定搭配的一部分,此時(shí)它們的位置應(yīng)注意.如：
The boy （whom） my sister is looking after is getting better.
不能說成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.
（2） 看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配
He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar.他要我去參考一些我不熟悉的參考書.（注意搭配 be familiar with）
2.考查先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣
這類考題往往要根據(jù)具體的語境來選擇介詞.如：
This is our classroom,in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk.這是我們的教室,前面有老師的講臺(tái).（注意搭配 in the front of our classroom）
I’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記她與我們告別的那一天.（注意搭配 on the day）
3.考查表示所屬關(guān)系的 of which 〔whom〕
On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence,the meaning of which I don’t understand.老師在黑板上寫了一個(gè)句子,句子的意思我不明白.（注意搭配 the meaning of the sentence）
4.考查表示整體與部分關(guān)系的 of which 〔whom〕
I have five English dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best.我有5本英語詞典,其中最好的是朗文詞典.（注意搭配 of the five dictionaries）
The buses,most of which were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd.多數(shù)公共汽車已經(jīng)上滿了人,周圍是一伙憤怒的群眾.（注意搭配 most of the buses）
I met the fruit-pickers,several of whom were university students.我碰到那些摘水果的人,其中有好幾個(gè)是大學(xué)生.（注意搭配 several of them）
5.考查表示同位關(guān)系的 of which 〔whom〕
Her sons,both of whom work abroad,rang her up this morning.她的兩個(gè)兒子都在國外工作,今天早上給她打了電話.（注意搭配 both of her sons）
【邊學(xué)邊練】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~和關(guān)系代詞填空.
1.Do you like the book _____ she spent $10?
2.Do you like the book _____ she paid $10?
3.Do you like the book _____ she learned a lot?
4.Do you like the book _____ she often talks?
5.He built a telescope _____ he could study the skies.
6.There is a tall tree outside,_____ stands our teacher.
7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _____ is the Yellow River.
8.The tower _____ people can have a good view is on the hill.
9.The man _____ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.
10.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,most _____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
11.The workers,some _____ stayed for four years,came from different countries.
12.The committee consists of 20 members,5 _____ are women.
13.The book contains 50 poems,most _____ were written in the 1930s.
14.There are two left,one _____ is almost finished,and the other _____ is not.
【參考答案】
1.on which2.for which 3.from [in] which
4.about which 5.through which 6.under which7.of which
8.from which9.to whom 10.of which 11.of whom
12.of whom 13.of which 14.of which,of which