即實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞.它分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞兩種\x0d（1）及物動(dòng)詞 后面必須跟賓語意義才完整的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,叫做及物動(dòng)詞(transitive verb).如：\x0dI believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委員會(huì)將會(huì)考慮我們的建議.\x0d“How long can I keep the book ”Harry asked.哈里問：“這本書我可以借多久?”\x0dDr.Bethune set us a good example.白求恩大夫給我們樹立了好榜樣.\x0dCrude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有許多有用的物質(zhì).\x0d(2)不及物動(dòng)詞 本身意義完整后面不須跟賓語的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,叫做不及物動(dòng)詞(intransitive verb).如：\x0dBirds fly.鳥會(huì)飛.\x0dIt happened in June 1932.這件事發(fā)生于一九三；年六月.\x0dMy watch stopped.我的表停了.\x0dShe spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.她在昨天晚上的會(huì)上發(fā)了言.\x0d(3)兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞 英語里有不少實(shí)義動(dòng)詞可以兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞.這樣的動(dòng)詞又有兩種不同的情況：\x0da)兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),意義不變.試比較：\x0dShall I begin at once?我可以立刻開始嗎?(begin作不及物動(dòng)詞)\x0dShe began working as a librarian after she left school.她畢業(yè)后當(dāng)圖書館管理員.(began作及物動(dòng)詞)\x0dThey left last week.他們是上周離開的.(left 作不及物動(dòng)詞)\x0db)兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),有時(shí)意義不盡相同.如：\x0dWash your hands before meals.飯前要洗手.\x0d(4)與漢語的比較 有時(shí)英語動(dòng)詞的及物和不及物的用法,與漢語的用法不一樣,請(qǐng)注意下列兩種情況：\x0da)有的動(dòng)詞在英語里只能用作不及物動(dòng)詞,而漢語則可用作及物動(dòng)詞,如arrive到達(dá),agree同意,1isten聽.英語里這些動(dòng)詞后面常接介詞.如：\x0dWe arrived at the railway station at noon.我們于中午到達(dá)火車站.(at不能省去)(比較：We reached the railway station at noon.)\x0dEverybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每個(gè)人都很有興趣地聽講課.(to不可省去)(比較：We all heard the lecture.)\x0dDo they agree to the plan?他們同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃嗎?(to不可省去)\x0db)有的動(dòng)詞在英語里能用作及物動(dòng)詞,而在漢語里則不能用作及物動(dòng)詞,如serve為…服務(wù).