1．表示并列、平行關(guān)系：
and 和 both…and 兩個(gè)都 as well as也,又as well=also =too也
not…but…不是……而是neither…nor即不…….也不
that…but that…不是因?yàn)椤且驗(yàn)閚ot only…but also不僅….而且
The drops of rain make a hole in the stone, not by violence, but by falling.
滴水穿石,不是靠努力,而是靠持之以恒.
2. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：
but 但是 however然而yet然而else=otherwise=or否則
Love is all well in its way, but friendship is much higher. 愛(ài)情誠(chéng)可貴,友情價(jià)更高.
3. 表示選擇關(guān)系：
or或者 either…or…要么…要么whether…or not…是…不是…
With the help of the science and technology, glass can be made as hard as steel, or as soft as silk, or as light as paper, or as heavy as iron.
借助于科學(xué)技術(shù),玻璃可以被制作的像鋼一樣硬,像絲一樣柔,像紙一樣輕,像鐵一樣重.
4. 表示對(duì)比關(guān)系：
on one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面
while而 similarly 同樣地, 類似地 instead (of)相反
rather than而不是 on the contrary=conversely相反地
The past belongs to wisdom, the present to action, while to joy the future.
智慧屬于過(guò)去,行動(dòng)所以現(xiàn)在,而歡樂(lè)屬于未來(lái).
5. 表示遞進(jìn)、補(bǔ)充、強(qiáng)調(diào)：
besides=in addition=additionally另外、此外above all最為重要的是
moreover=furthermore而且、此外 what’s more為重要的是
in the meantime =meanwhile同時(shí) especially尤其是
particularly=in particular特別 still仍然、還要
what’s worse =still worse更為嚴(yán)重地 including 包括
Your courage especially your determination can lead to your success in time.
你的勇氣,尤其是你的毅力會(huì)使你最終走向成功.
6. 表示因果關(guān)系：
so(therefore)所以因此 because(as, for)因?yàn)閒or the reason that由于
as a result(of)結(jié)果 for fear that(擔(dān)心) thus因而、這樣、如此
now that(since)既然、由于 thanks\due\owing to=because of 因?yàn)?br/>Don’t regret. Don’t complain. Even the sun has black sports. Therefore, it is impossible that there is no dissatisfaction on the world.
莫嘆息!莫埋怨!既然太陽(yáng)也有黑點(diǎn),人世間的事情就更不可能沒(méi)有缺陷.
7. 表示讓步關(guān)系：
although=though=while as=much=that雖然；盡管
even though\if即使；雖然after all畢竟
of course\certainly當(dāng)然in spite of不顧、不管
If you want to have more roses, you must plant trees. After all, it will never rain roses.
天上沒(méi)有掉下來(lái)的餡餅,不勞而獲是不可能的.
8. 表示舉例、解釋、說(shuō)明：
in other words換句話說(shuō)that is to say也就是說(shuō)
that is (namely)即、也就是 or rather 更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)
such as=like例如、諸如 for example=for instance例如
To think we are able is about to be so, in other words, to determine upon success is frequently success itself. 自信有能力幾乎等于有能力,也就是說(shuō),決心成功往往就等于成功.
9. 表示目的、結(jié)果關(guān)系：
so that 以便、為了、結(jié)果是 in order that 以便、為了
in order (not) to 為了（不）…so as (not) to 結(jié)果是…、為了（不）
We eat in order to live and we live in order not to eat.
我們吃飯是為了活著,但我們活著不是為了吃飯.
10. 表示總結(jié)、評(píng)述：
in short=in brief總之；簡(jiǎn)言之in a word=altogether總而言之
as above-mentioned… 如上所述 That’s no wonder…難怪…
That’s why…那就是…原因 There’s no doubt that…毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
on the whole 總的來(lái)說(shuō)personally就我個(gè)人而言
in general=generally (speaking) strictly speaking 從嚴(yán)格意義上講
in the long run 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看in a sense 從某種意義上
it is obvious that=It’s clear that… as \so far ad I know就我所知
Clearly=Obviously顯而易見(jiàn)As (it) is known …眾所周知…
It is said that…據(jù)說(shuō)…It is reported that…據(jù)報(bào)道…
It’s suggested that…有人建議… It is hoped that….有人希望…
It is thought that…有人認(rèn)為… it is proved that…已經(jīng)證明…
Actually=in fact=as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
to tell the truth=to be honest=honestly speaking老實(shí)說(shuō)
11. 表示條件：
unless如果不；除非in case假使；以防萬(wàn)一if only要是…就好了
given that考慮到in that case如果是那樣的話 once一旦
provided (that)=providing (that)=on condition that=if如果；條件是
12．表示時(shí)間順序：
at one time=once曾經(jīng)once upon a time從前in (the) future在將來(lái)
first=first of all首先 second其次 then然后
after that那以后 next接下來(lái) finally最后
for one thing首先 for another thing其次before在…之前
after在…之后 at last=in the end最后 in the past在過(guò)去
in time=sooner or later終有一天at present=now=nowadays現(xiàn)在
hardly...when…=no sooner…than….一…就 just then=just at that time正在那時(shí)
the moment=the minute=immediately=as soon as一…就…
也要注意過(guò)渡詞的用法
1、表示時(shí)間的
af first 起初
next 接下來(lái)
then 然后
after that 那以后
later 后來(lái)
soon 不久
soon/shortly after ……之后不久
finally 最后
in the end 最后
eventually 最終
at last 終于
lately 近來(lái)
recently 最近
since then 自從那時(shí)起
after that 那以后
in no time 不一會(huì)兒
after a while 一會(huì)兒
afterward 后來(lái)
to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一點(diǎn)
immediately 立即、馬上
meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期間、同時(shí)
earlier, until now 直到現(xiàn)在
suddenly=all of a sudden 突然
as a young man 當(dāng)…… 是個(gè)年輕人的時(shí)候
at the age of… 在……歲的時(shí)候
as early as 早……的時(shí)候
as soon as 一……就……
before, the other day 幾天前
early in the morning 大清早
after/before dark 天黑后/前
one day 有一天
one afternoon 一天下午
one morning 一天早晨
2、表示空間的
to the right/left 朝右/左
on the rinht/left 在右/左邊
in the middle of 在中間
in front of 在前面
in the front of 在前面
at the back of 在后面
at the bottom of 在底部
on the edge of 在……的邊上
on top of 在……的頂部
opposite to 與……相對(duì)
close to 靠近
near to 在……附近
next to 與……相鄰
under 垂直在下
over 垂直在上
below 在下方
above 在上方
across 在……的另一邊
around 在周圍
behind 在后
before 在前
against 靠著、抵著
further on 再往前
3、表示列舉和時(shí)序
first, second, third…finally
firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally
first of all, next then, lastly
for one thing…for another…
at the same time
at first
at last
4、表示列舉
for example 例如：……
namely 即……
for instance 例如：……
that is (to say) 也就是說(shuō)
such as 如……
take…for example 拿……來(lái)說(shuō)
like 像……
5、表示比較或?qū)Ρ?
like 像
unlike 不像
similarly 同樣地
in the same way 以相同的方式
compared to 與……相比
while 而
still=nevertheless 然而
on the contrary 正相反
different from 與……不同
on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面
in contrast with 與……成對(duì)比
6、表示增補(bǔ)
and 而且
both…and 不但……而且
not only…but also 不但……而且
as well as 不但……而且
also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且
in addition 并且
apart from 除了……之外
what's more 而且、更重要的
for another 另一方面
worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是
including 包括
7、表示因果
because 因?yàn)?
since 既然
as 由于
now that 既然
therefore 因此
thus 這樣
so 所以
as a result (of) 結(jié)果
because of=on account of 因?yàn)?
thanks to 多虧、由于
for this reason 由于這個(gè)原因
if so 如果這樣
if not 如果不是這樣
8、表示目的
for this purpose
in order to do
so as to do
so that…
in order that…
9、表示讓步
though/although
no matter+疑問(wèn)句
in spite of
whatever/however/whoever
even if/ even though
10、表示遞進(jìn)或強(qiáng)調(diào)
besides 況且
what's more 更重要地是
thus 這樣
above all 首先
indeed 的確
in fact/ as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
in other words 換句話說(shuō)
in that case 那樣的話
or rather 更確切地說(shuō)
particularly 特別地
11、表示轉(zhuǎn)折
but 但是
still 然而
however 然而
while 而
12、表示總結(jié)
in a/one word 簡(jiǎn)言之、一句話、總之
generally speaking 一般說(shuō)來(lái)
in short=in a few words 簡(jiǎn)言之
in conclusion=lastly 最后地
on the whole=taking everything into consideration 從總體來(lái)看、大體上
so 所以
therefore 因此
thus 這樣
as has been mentioned 正如所提到的
it is quite clear that 很顯然
there is no doubt that 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
it is well-known that 大家都知道
as we all know=as is known
to us all 大家都知道
as/so far as I know 據(jù)我所知
to sum up=to summarize=in summary 總之
13、表示轉(zhuǎn)折話題
by the way 順便說(shuō)
I am afraid 我恐怕
in my opinion 依我看來(lái)
to tell the truth 說(shuō)實(shí)話
to be honest 誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)
in face 事實(shí)上我要表層次遞進(jìn)的