as soon as,
hardly…when…
no sooner…than…
　than…
這三個(gè)短語都有“一……就”、“剛剛……就”的意思,它們的意思非常相近,因此有時(shí)可以互換.例如：
“我剛到公共汽車站,汽車就開了.”一句,就可以有如下幾句譯法：
As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started.
Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
　hen the bus started.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
但他們之間也有一些差異,例如,如果從兩件事情的間隔時(shí)間來說,as soon as 較長(zhǎng),no sooner...than
居中,hardly...when 間隔時(shí)間最短.其它的一些區(qū)別見下面,請(qǐng)大家在運(yùn)用的時(shí)候要留意.
　
1、as soon as
　as soon as
它的意思相當(dāng)于“A事情發(fā)生以后,就做B這件事”.
這個(gè)短語用的比較常用,口語和書面語都可以.它的特點(diǎn)是,在句子中的位置比較靈活,而且可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài).例如：
I”ll write you as soon as I get there.
我一到那兒就給你來信.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.
我一進(jìn)門,Katherine 就高興的叫起來.（一般過去時(shí)）
I”ll return the book as soon as I have read it.
我一讀完就把書還回去.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）
Andrew left as soon as he had drunk his coffee.
Andrew一喝完咖啡就走了.（過去完成時(shí)）
　
2、no sooner…than
　than
它的意思相當(dāng)于“剛做完A這件事,就做B這件事”.例如：
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.
他一回來就買了一套房子.
如果no sooner 位于句首,主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu).例如：
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他剛到就又走了.
No sooner had the game started　No sooner had the game started　 than it began to rain heavily運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)剛開始,天就下起了大雨.
有一點(diǎn)要注意,no sooner…than 一般用來描述做過的事情,它不能用于表示將來的事.
　
3、hardly…when...
　when...
它的意思是“幾乎未來得及做完A這件事,緊接著就開始B這件事.”
使用這個(gè)短語時(shí),一般用于過去完成時(shí)；并且when有時(shí)可改用before.例如：
He had hardly finished the article when the light went out.
他剛寫完文,燈就熄了.
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house.
他還未安頓下來,就賣掉了那所房子.
另外,如果把hardly放于句首,主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)即謂語動(dòng)詞要提前.如：
Hardly had I finished eating when he came in.
我剛吃完他就進(jìn)來了.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她還沒走出家門,就有一個(gè)學(xué)生來看望她.
注意 as soon as / no sooner … than / hardly … when 的區(qū)別： as soon as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生,可與 the moment / the minute / the instant / immediately / directly / instantly 互換. no sooner … than 與 hardly … when 用法一樣, no sooner 和 hardly 之后一般要用過去完成時(shí), than 和 when 之后用過去時(shí)；若 no sooner, hardly 放在句首時(shí),則主謂要倒裝.例如：
As soon as /The moment / The minute / The instant / Directly / Immediately /Instantly he comes, please let me know.
He had hardly finished his homework when he went to bed. = He had no sooner finished his homework than he went to bed. = No sooner had he finished his homework than he went to bed. = Hardly had he finished his homework when he went to bed.