B us three
我們?nèi)齻€人,這是同位語,就像we Chinese 我們中國人
同位語：一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾,限定或說明,這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語.同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致,并常常緊挨在一起.
1.由兩個或兩個以上同一層次的語言單位組成的結(jié)構(gòu),其中前項與后項所指相同,句法功能也相同,后項是前項的同位語.
Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.
我們的新老師史密斯先生對我們很好.
our new teacher是主詞Mr.Smith的同位語,指同一人.
Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brother's.
昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆.
a friend of my brother's是受詞Tom的同位語,指同一人.
2.如同位語與其同位成分關(guān)系緊密時不用逗點隔開;如同位語對其同位成分只作補充解釋時可用逗點隔開.
He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.
他本人對我講,他的兄長約翰是一位世界聞名的醫(yī)生.
himself和John都是單一的字作同位語,與其同位成分之間不用逗點隔開.
Yesterday I talked to my English teacher,Mr.James.
昨天我與我的英語老師詹姆斯先生談過了.
同位語Mr.James補充解釋my English teacher,同位語與其同位成分之間可用逗點隔開.
3.同位語除表示其同位成分的全部意義外,還可以表示部分意義.
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.
我們中國人民是勤勞勇敢的.
He is interested in sports,especially ball games.
他喜歡運動,特別是球類運動.
同位從句一般跟在某些名詞如answer(答案),hope(希望),fact(事實),belief (信仰),news(消息),idea(主意；觀念),promise(承諾),information(信息),conclusion(結(jié)論),order(命令),suggestion(建議),problem(問題),thought (想法)等后面.例如：He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意：that 既可引導(dǎo)同位語從句又可引導(dǎo)定語從句,其區(qū)別在于：同位語從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo),連接詞that本身無意義,在同位語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,不可省略,不可以用其他詞替代；定語從句由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo),關(guān)系代詞that在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分,作賓語時可省略,由when,why,where引導(dǎo)的 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別在于：同位語從句由連接副詞只起連接作用,沒有指代作用； 定語從句由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),關(guān)系副詞具有指代先行詞的作用,常用一個介詞加關(guān)系代詞替換.例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位語從句,when為連接詞） That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget.（定語從句,which/that為關(guān)系副詞） This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位語從句,where為連接詞） This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定語從句,where為關(guān)系副詞）