every和each用法上的區(qū)別
1.each可作代詞和形容詞,而every只能用作形容詞,如可以說each of these dictionaries或each one of these dictionaries,但不能說every of these dictionaries,該用every one of these dictionaries.
2.each可指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上中間的每一個(gè),而every只可指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中間的每一個(gè),不能指兩個(gè)中每一個(gè).如：可以說each of my eyes,不可說every one of my eye但可說every one of my toes(腳趾) .
3.each通常用來指若干固定數(shù)目中的每一個(gè),而every往往指“任何一個(gè)”如：
Each girl sitting over there is my student.“坐在那里的每一女孩子”指若干固定數(shù)目中的每一個(gè),故用each.Every man must do his best.“人人都盡最大的努力”泛指任何一個(gè)人,因而用every.
4.every和not連用,即“every…not”或“not…every”構(gòu)成部分否定,表示“并非每一個(gè)”的意思,each則無此結(jié)構(gòu).
5.every+ 基數(shù)詞+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞=every+ 序數(shù)詞+ 單數(shù)名詞,作“每(多少)”解,但each不能用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中.如：every three days?每三天或每隔兩天,相當(dāng)于 every third day.
6.every two days,every second day都作“每隔一天”解,但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中人們都用every other day來表示這一意思,every two days也有人講,而every second day則少用的.
7.也可以說every few days,相當(dāng)于漢語的“隔些日子”.
8.each 可以與other構(gòu)成固定的搭配,即each other意思為“彼此、相互、互相”的意思,而every則不能Each與every都有“每個(gè)”的意思,但二者含義及語法功能不同,主要區(qū)別是：
1.each既可用作形容詞,又可用作代詞,在句中可以作定語,主語、賓語、同位語、狀語等.例如：
Each student has his own dictionary .（形容詞,定語）每個(gè)學(xué)生都有自己的字典.
Each has his good point .（代詞,主語）各人有各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn).
Our headteacher had a talk with each of us .（代詞,賓語）我們的班主任與我們每個(gè)人都談了話.
The students each have a desk .（代詞,同位語）學(xué)生們每人有一張書桌.
The children can have a bag each .（副詞,狀語）孩子們每人可帶一只提包.
2.each與every都可用作形容詞,在句中作定語,但each更強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人或個(gè)別,every更強(qiáng)調(diào)全體或全部.比較：
I know each number of your family .我認(rèn)識你們家的每個(gè)成員.
I know every number of your family .我認(rèn)識你們家的每個(gè)成員.
3.each指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物中的“每個(gè)”；every是指許多人或事物的“全體”,與all的意思相近.試譯：這條街上每邊都有很多商店.〔誤〕There are many shops on every side of the street .〔正〕There are many shops on each side of the street .我給她父母每人一件禮物.〔誤〕I gave a present to every one of her parents .〔正〕I gave a present to each of her parents .
4.指上下文提到過的確定數(shù)目中的“每一個(gè)”時(shí),要用each；如果上下文沒有提及時(shí),不能用each,要用everyone等.試譯：我認(rèn)為這三個(gè)答案個(gè)個(gè)都正確.〔誤〕I think every answer of the three is right .〔正〕I think each of the three answers is right .我看見人人都忙著工作.〔誤〕I saw each was busy with his work .〔正〕I saw everyone was busy with his work .
5.each 單獨(dú)作主語或each、every修飾的單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式,但each of them作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式都可以.例如：
Each / Each person / Every person is living a happy life now .人人都過著幸福生活.
Each of them are / is wearing full dress .他們個(gè)個(gè)都身著盛裝.
6.every可以與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定,意思是“并不/非人人”,而each則不可以與not連用.全部否定是no one ,意思是“個(gè)個(gè)都不”、“沒有人”等.例如：人人都不喜歡這個(gè)電視劇.〔誤〕Each / Everyone / Every one of them doesn’t like the TV play .〔正〕No one likes the TV play .
7.each與other可構(gòu)成相互代詞,every則不可以.例如：
We should take care of each other and help each other .我們應(yīng)該互相關(guān)心,互相幫助.
8.表示“每隔……”、“每……”,要用“every＋基數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”.這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的every不能用each替代.例如：
They’ll choose one out of every ten girls .他們將在每十個(gè)姑娘里挑選一個(gè).
We hand in our homework every three days .我們每隔兩天（每三天）交一次作業(yè).注意：“每三天或每隔兩天”,也可以寫作“every third day”,即,若用序數(shù)詞時(shí),后接單數(shù)名詞.再如every four weeks / fourth week（每四周/每隔三周）,every other day / second day / two days（每隔一天）,every other line（每隔一行）等.