首先是say:之后要有說(shuō)的內(nèi)容,如He said nothing.
Speak：后一般加語(yǔ)言名稱(chēng),如He can speak Chinese.
talk:交談,如：He often talks with me during lunchtime.此時(shí)talk也可改為chat（閑談）
call：一般用于打電話中,如：He will call me later.
tell:告訴,如：He is talling me an interesting story.
另附上字典中的解釋
Say
1.說(shuō),講；表達(dá)；表明,宣示；聲明,主張,斷定.all you know and say it without reserve.知無(wú)不言,言無(wú)不盡.S- no more.別再說(shuō)了.Never say die!不可氣餒!Do you mean what you say?你是說(shuō)真的嗎?你說(shuō)的是當(dāng)真的嗎?I mean what I say.我說(shuō)了是算數(shù)的.S- what you mean.把你的意思說(shuō)明白.Do you say so 那是真的嗎?You don't say (so)!未必吧!不至于吧!真的!You may well say so.你那樣說(shuō)可能(固然)對(duì)；你不妨那么說(shuō).Who shall I say,sir (傳達(dá)者問(wèn)來(lái)客)你是哪一位?請(qǐng)問(wèn)尊姓?I'll say so.〔美俚〕你說(shuō)得很對(duì)；我也同意.He said “Yes”.＝ “Yes,” said he.他說(shuō)“是”.
2.背誦,背,念,誦讀.to be said or sung 供誦讀或歌唱.say one's lessons 背功課,背書(shū).
3.〔祈使句〕假定(說(shuō)),比如說(shuō),就說(shuō),姑且說(shuō),大約 (＝let us say ).a few of them,say a dozen 其中幾個(gè)人,假定[比如說(shuō)]一打左右吧.a couple of hours,say from four to six 兩個(gè)鐘頭的時(shí)間,比方說(shuō)從四點(diǎn)到六點(diǎn).
4.〔美口〕＝ I say 〔見(jiàn)下〕.
5.〔俚語(yǔ)〕反駁.
as much as to say 等于說(shuō)；好像是說(shuō)…一樣地；像要說(shuō)…似地.as to say 〔插入語(yǔ)〕也就是說(shuō).Easier said than done.〔諺語(yǔ)〕說(shuō)著容易做時(shí)難.have nothing to say for oneself 〔口語(yǔ)〕總是不開(kāi)口；沒(méi)話可說(shuō),一言不發(fā).have something to say for oneself 有要辯白的話.have something [nothing] to say to [with] 要〔不〕對(duì)[和]…爭(zhēng)辯,有話要說(shuō)[沒(méi)話可說(shuō)],有[沒(méi)有]關(guān)系.hear say 聽(tīng)說(shuō),據(jù)說(shuō).I cannot say .我不知道.I cannot say much for .對(duì)…不以為…怎樣好；對(duì)…不敢恭維.I dare say 〔插入語(yǔ)〕大概；許是,我想.I say＝〔美口〕；喂；喂喂；哎呀；我是說(shuō)…〔加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣〕；哎呀 ( I say,John＝〔美國(guó)〕say,John 喂,約翰.I say,what a beauty!哎呀!好漂亮的人[東西])!I should say (that) 大概,許是.I should say not 我以為不是那樣.(It) goes without saying that 當(dāng)然不用說(shuō)….It is said that .據(jù)說(shuō),聽(tīng)說(shuō).(let us) say 比如說(shuō)；大約.may well say that …很可以說(shuō).mean what one says 是當(dāng)真的.No sooner said than done.一說(shuō)就做；說(shuō)到做到.not to say ...,雖不能說(shuō)…,即使不說(shuō) ( It is warm,not to say hot.雖說(shuō)不上熱,但也很暖和了).say a good word for 替…說(shuō)好話,替…說(shuō)情,替…辯護(hù),推獎(jiǎng).S- away!完全說(shuō)出來(lái)吧；盡量說(shuō)吧!say for oneself 分辯,爭(zhēng)辯.S- on.說(shuō)下去,繼續(xù)說(shuō)吧.say nay 否認(rèn)；拒絕.say one's prayers 禱告.say one's say [word] 說(shuō)出自己的想法；把話說(shuō)完；暢所欲言.say out 坦白說(shuō)出,直說(shuō).say over [again] 1.再說(shuō),反復(fù)說(shuō).2.背誦….say something ＝saygrace 飯前后的禱告；即席演說(shuō)幾句.say something of 批評(píng).say the word (下)命令.say to do 〔美俚、英卑〕叫,命 (He said (for me) to tell you not to come.他叫(我)告訴你不要來(lái).They said to telephone.他們叫(我)打電話).say (sth.) to oneself 暗自思量,心想,心中盤(pán)算.★“自言自語(yǔ)”是 talk to oneself.so to say 〔插入語(yǔ)〕 1.好比,活像是,恰如,正像.2.可以這么說(shuō).That is saying a great deal.這可了不得.that is (to ) say 〔插入語(yǔ)〕即,換句話說(shuō),(也)就是說(shuō)；至少.They say ...據(jù)說(shuō),聽(tīng)說(shuō).There is no saying .很難說(shuō),說(shuō)不準(zhǔn).though I say it (who should not) 雖然不應(yīng)該由我來(lái)說(shuō)；我來(lái)說(shuō)雖然不太好.to say nothing of 〔插入語(yǔ)〕更不用說(shuō),更不待言,更不必說(shuō).to say the least of it 至少〔插入語(yǔ)〕可以(這樣)說(shuō)；退一步說(shuō).What do you say to (a walk)?＝What say you to (a walk)?(去散散步)你說(shuō)怎么樣[以為怎么樣]?(散步)好不好?What I say is .我的意思是….when all is said (and done) 結(jié)果；畢竟.
下面的不想貼了,你可以在word里找到翻譯,然后就有具體解釋