變復(fù)數(shù)：
以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的名詞加es:glasses,boxes,brushes,matches.
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加es:cities,babies,enemies.4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,多數(shù)變f為v加es:wives,knives.但有些詞只加s:roofs,proof s,chiefs.
以o結(jié)尾的名詞,有些加es:Negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes.其它加s:radio s,zoos,pianos,photos.
不規(guī)則名詞：foot→feet,goose→geese,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→me n,woman→women,sheep→sheep,deer→deer,mouse→mice.
某些外來詞變復(fù)數(shù)：datum→data,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria,curriculum→curricula,criterion→criteria,phenomenon→phenomena.um/?on→a)?analysis→analyses,basis→bases,crisis→crises,diagnosis→diagnoses.is→es
復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：以不可數(shù)名詞結(jié)尾的復(fù)合名詞無復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：homework.
以man或woman為前綴的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù),前后兩個(gè)名詞都變復(fù)數(shù),如：manservant→menservants,woman student women students.
其它復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：grown?up→grown?ups,brother?in?law→brothers?in?law,stand?by→stands?by.
變ing：
一般情況下直接加
輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,變y為i加ing.
單詞只有一個(gè)音節(jié)時(shí),雙寫最后一個(gè)字母加ing.