succeed,success,successful的區(qū)別和用法
一、succeed的用法
◆他的計劃成功了.
誤：His plan was succeeded.
正：His plan succeeded.
析：succeed 表示“成功”,是不及物動詞,因此不能用于被動語態(tài).
◆他終于把那個問題解決了.
誤：At last he succeeded to solve the problem.
正：At last he succeeded in solving the problem.
析：表示做某事做成功了,succeed 后通常不接不定式,而接 indoing sth.又如：He succeeded in getting the job.(他謀到了那份工作),She succeeded in (passing) the exam.(她考試及格了).注：有時此結構可用作反語,如：I tried toclean the watch,but only succeeded in breaking it.(我想把表弄干凈,結果卻弄壞了).
◆繼邱吉爾出任首相的是誰?
誤：Who succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister?
正：Who succeeded Churchill as Prime Minister?
析：succeed 表示“接替(某人)”,是及物動詞,其后無需用介詞 after.但它若表示“繼承(職位、頭銜、財產(chǎn)等)”,則是不及物的,后跟賓語時帶介詞 to(此時也不用 after),如：She succeeded to the mayoralty.(她繼任市長職位),比較：She succeeded him to the mayoralty.(她接替他擔任市長).
二、success的用法
◆失敗是成功之母.
誤：Failure is the mother of successes.
正：Failure is the mother of success.
析：success 表示抽象意義的“成功”,是不可數(shù)的；表示具體意 義的“成功的人或事”,則是可數(shù)的.比較：Gig sucess does not usually occur early.(大器晚成),His new book was a great success.(他新出版的書獲得了巨大成功).再比較：He has had great success in business.(他事業(yè)上很成功),He was a great success in business.(他事業(yè)上很成功).
◆你說服她改變主意了嗎?
誤：Did you have any success to persuade her to change her mind?
正：Did you have any success in persuading her to change her mind?
析：have success in doing sth＝做某事有結果或效果.又如：What success did you have in finding a new job?(你想找份新工作結果如何?)
三、successful的用法
◆演出很成功.
誤：The performance was successive.
正：The performance was successful.
析：successful＝成功的；successive＝連續(xù)的,接連的,一連串的.如：We have won five successive games.(我們已連勝五場比賽).
◆你想找所新房子你找到了嗎?
誤：Were you successful to find a new house?
正：Were you successful in finding a new house?
析：表示成功地做某事,be successful 后不能接不定式,而是接 in doing sth,又如：They were successful in launching a communication satellite.(他們成功地發(fā)射了一顆通訊衛(wèi) 星).