鋁三角
(1) 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O === 2NaAlO2 + 3H2o
(2) 4Al + 3O2 === 2Al2O3(條件:點燃)
[2Al + Fe2O3 === Al2O3 + 2Fe(條件:高溫)]
(3) 2Al2O3 === 4Al + 3O2(上升)(條件:電解)
(4) 2Al + 3Cl2 === 2AlCl3(條件:點燃)
[2Al + 6HCl === 2AlCl3 + 3H2(上升)]
(5) Al2O3 + 2NaOH === 2NaAlO2 + H2O
(6) Al2O3 + 6HCl === 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
(7) NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O === NaCl + Al(OH)3(沉淀)
(8) Al(OH)3 + NaOH === NaAlO2 + 2H2O
(9) 2Al(OH)3 === Al2O3 + 3H2O(條件:加熱)
(10)Al(OH)3 + 3HCl === AlCl3 + 3H2O
(11)AlCl3 + 3NH3.H2O === Al(OH)3(沉淀) + 3NH4Cl
[AlCl3 + 3NaOH === Al(OH)3(沉淀) + 3NaCl]
(12)NaAlO2 + HCl(過) === AlCl3 + NaOH + H2O
離子方程式：
1 Al3+ + 3OH- = Al(OH)3 (s)
2 Al(OH)3 + 3H+ = Al3+ + 3H2O
3 Al(OH)3 + OH- = AlO2- + 2H2O
4 AlO2- + H+ + H2O = Al(OH)3 (s)
5 Al3+ + 4OH- = AlO2- + 2H2O
6 AlO2-+ 4H+ = Al3+ + 2H2O s 為沉淀
鐵三角
1 Fe + 2H+ = Fe2+ + H2 (g)
2 Fe2+ + Zn = Fe + Zn2+
3 2Fe2+ + Cl2 = 2Fe3+ + 2Cl-
4 2Fe3+ + Fe = 3Fe2+ 還可以和Cu反應(yīng)
5 2Fe + 3Cl2 = 2Fe3+ + 6Cl-
6 2Fe3+ + 3Zn = 2Fe + 3Zn2+