通常動詞不定式、形容詞和副詞作后置定語的多,部分過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞也可以.下面是我歸納總結的,把一些常見的用法呈現(xiàn)給你,看了就會豁然開朗了.學英語貴在靈活,下次碰到相似之處就知是怎么回事了.希望對你有所益處.
1. 不定式
I need sth. to drink now.
Have you got anything to declare?
2. 形容詞作后置的太多了.
英語中有些形容詞習慣上用作后置定語,通?？梢苑殖梢韵聨最悾?br/>1）． 某些由過去分詞轉化而來的形容詞通常后置
這類形容詞主要有concerned(有關的),discussed(討論過的),included(包括的),involved(牽涉到的),left(剩下的),needed(所需的)等,如：
The questions concerned/ involved have been all solved.
The problem discussed is very important.
The expenses are $200, postage included.
We had only three days left.
He took all things needed for the journey.
2）習慣用作后置定語的形容詞
這類形容詞主要有imaginable(可想象的), junior(??；年幼的), worth, present(出席的), proper(本身的), senior(老；年長的), suitable(合適的),available, responsible等,如：
We tried every method imaginable.
George W. Bush Jr. is more aggressive.
He is the only man suitable for the job.
This is the best way imaginable.
3）形容詞修飾某些不定代詞時須后置
這類代詞主要有anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing, somebody, someone, something等,如：
Anybody intelligent won’t do such a thing.
Have you anything interesting to tell us?
We have prepared everything necessary for the journey.
4） 形容詞短語
The leaders present at the meeting totalled eight．出席會議的領導共有八人.
This is a subject worthy of careful study．這是一個值得仔細研究的問題.
a question different from this one
5）少量形容詞后面可以加-ing分詞構成可以后置的短語.
peasants busy getting in crops忙于收割莊稼的農夫們
a student long understanding the problem好不容易才弄懂這個問題的學生
6） 后置的形容詞短語還可常由 “more…than”,“no more… than”和“not more…than”等比較級結構或“as… as”結構組成.
a student no more diligent than Tom一個和湯姆一樣不勤奮的學生
a book as interesting as this one一本與此書同樣有趣的書
這種結構同樣可以采取分隔形式：
She is a girl as clever as Mary．
=She is as clever a girl as Mary．
她是一個像瑪麗一樣聰明的姑娘.
7） 有些表語形容詞（一般多為a-開頭）也可以置于名詞之后,其功能相當于定語從句.如：alive , alike , alone , awake, sleep, afraid等.
the baby asleep那個熟睡的嬰兒
the boy afraid of exams那個怕考試的男孩
8） 兩個形容詞用and 或or連接作定語,進一步說明被修飾名詞的作用,此時須后置.例如：
Power stations , large and small , have been set up all over the country . 大大小小的水電站已經在全國各地興建起來了.（劃線部分相當于which are large and small）
Every book , new or old , should be put in the room . 不論新書還是舊書都應該放在這個房間里.（劃線部分相當于which are new or old）
9） 形容詞比較等級結構修飾名詞時須后置.例如：
The Smiths need a car garage twice larger than this one . 史密斯夫婦需要一個比這個大一倍的車庫.
He has booked the seat farthest from the door on the train for us . 他已經為我們預定了火車上離車門最遠的座位.
10) “基數(shù)詞+表示時間或度量單位的名詞+形容詞”結構可用來修飾名詞,起定語作用.此時,該類結構的詞組須后置.例如；
Yesterday , a Mr Brown , 28 years old , came to visit you . 昨天,一位二十八歲,自稱是布朗先生的人來拜訪過你.
There used to be a tall building about 50 metres high . 過去,這里曾經有一座大約50米高的大樓.
3. 過去分詞作后置定語,多表示完成,可看成是省略句.
單個的分詞修飾名詞時,可以前置,也可以后置.
a stolen car=a car （that is ）stolen被盜的轎車
若用分詞短語修飾名詞,則應后置.如：
a girl (who is) interested in maths一位對數(shù)學感興趣的姑娘
the man(who is) married to Helen那位與海倫結了婚的男人
4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,多表示正在進行或伴隨狀態(tài),也可以看成是省略句.
The person （who is）lying on the floor is nearly dead
地板上躺著的人已經快死了
The boy thinking hard is my younger brother.
那個正努力思考的男孩是我弟弟.