先分析下這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)：
The world 是主語；peppered with 是謂語動詞,且是過去時；languages spoken by a few people 可以說整個都是賓語,但其中spoken by a few people 是做languages的定語.
原句可以還原成：The world peppered with languages that is spoken by a few people.后面就是一個定語從句了.因為speak ,即定語從句中的謂語動詞和先行詞language的關(guān)系是動賓關(guān)系,即speak languages,所以從定語從句變?yōu)槎陶Z時,采用被動,即languages spoken by a few people.
注意,如果先行詞和從句中的謂語動詞是主動關(guān)系,變?yōu)槎陶Z是采用主動.