結(jié)構(gòu)
There be + sth + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花. 　　There is some money in the purse. 錢(qián)包里有些錢(qián).
There be + no + n. + in doing sth
　　1.其中名詞為表“利弊”、“用途”的抽象名詞,如： 　　There is no good in going. 去沒(méi)有什么好處. 　　There is no harm in doing that. 那樣做并無(wú)害處. 　　2.其中名詞為表“價(jià)值”、“意義”的抽象名詞,如： 　　There is no sense in waiting here. 在這里等候下去毫無(wú)意義. 　　There is no disgrace in failing once. 一旦失敗也不丟臉. 　?。ㄗⅲ捍私Y(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以省略,如：There is no use asking her—she doesn’t know anything.）
There is + no + doing something
　　1.其中的動(dòng)詞（do）多為“轉(zhuǎn)述”或“認(rèn)知”等意義的動(dòng)詞,如：tell, say, know等,其后一般跟疑問(wèn)句,如when,what等. 　　There is no saying what may happen. 很難說(shuō)會(huì)發(fā)生什么事. 　　There is no telling when he will return. 說(shuō)不清他何時(shí)回來(lái). 　　There is no knowing when we shall meet again. 不知何時(shí)我們能再相會(huì). 　　2.其他動(dòng)詞,其意義相當(dāng)靈活. 　　There is no mistaking what ought to be done. 應(yīng)該做什么是清楚的. 　　There is no denying the fact. 事實(shí)無(wú)可否認(rèn). 　　There is no holding back the wheel of history. 歷史的車(chē)輪不能倒轉(zhuǎn). 　　There is no getting along with him. 他很難相處. 　　Once she starts talking, there is no stopping her. 一旦她打開(kāi)話匣子,就說(shuō)個(gè)沒(méi)完. 　　There is no joking with him. 和他不能開(kāi)玩笑.
There is + no + Action Noun
　　1.此結(jié)構(gòu)的含義相當(dāng)于It’s impossible /unnecessary to do something. 　　There is no hurry about it. 沒(méi)有必要這么急匆匆的. 　　There is no question of his honesty. 他的誠(chéng)實(shí)是勿庸置疑的. 　　2.有時(shí),在此結(jié)構(gòu)中的Action Noun被動(dòng)名詞形式所取代,其意義不變.： 　　There is no escape from the evident. 　　There is no escaping the fact. 　　兩句都表示：無(wú)法逃（躲）避…… 但是,有時(shí)也存在意義上的區(qū)別, 　　A.There is no doubt at all about it. 　　B.There is no doubting her virtue. 　　句A為“存在句”,意即：對(duì)于此事不存在任何的疑問(wèn). 句B則是不表“存在”的一種慣用結(jié)構(gòu),意即：她的貞操勿庸置疑. 　　3.以上三種結(jié)構(gòu)除用于陳述句外,尚可見(jiàn)于疑問(wèn)句.如： 　　Is there any use in discussing the matter further? 這種事再討論下去有何益處? 　　Is there any hurry about it? 這事需要匆忙嗎? 　　此慣用結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時(shí)可與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用,其語(yǔ)氣更趨委婉.如： 　　There could be no mistaking where he had come from. 他從哪里來(lái)是相當(dāng)清楚的. 　　此結(jié)構(gòu)中的no也不是一成不變的,它可被其他形式所取代.如： 　　There isn’t any getting away from it. 要從它那里逃脫是不可能的. 　　There was never believing half of what he said. 他的話連一半也不信. 　　There’s never any predicting what they will do next. 無(wú)法料及他們下一步將會(huì)干什么
There be結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞的確定
　　1. there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)保持一致.主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are.如: 　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花. 　　There is some money in the purse. 錢(qián)包里有些錢(qián). 　　2. 若句子中有幾個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí),be的形式要與離其最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致.如: 　　There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 　　房子里有一個(gè)男孩,一個(gè)女孩和兩個(gè)婦女. 　　There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 辦公室里有十個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)教師. 　　3. 另外,在陳述句中為了強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn),也可將介詞短語(yǔ)提置句首.如: 　　In the tree there are five birds. 樹(shù)上有五只鳥(niǎo).There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換
否定句
　　there be的否定式通常在be后加not構(gòu)成(在口語(yǔ)中be時(shí)常與not縮寫(xiě)在一起).如果句中有some,一般要變成any.如: 　　There are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children in the picture.
一般疑問(wèn)句及其答語(yǔ)
　　把be提到there前,首字母大寫(xiě),句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可.其肯定答語(yǔ)是Yes, there is / are;否定答語(yǔ)為No, there isn't / aren't.如: 　　—Are there two cats in the tree? 　　—Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)
特殊疑問(wèn)句及其回答
　?、偬釂?wèn)句子的主語(yǔ)(包括主語(yǔ)前的修飾語(yǔ))時(shí),句型一律用"what is + 地點(diǎn)介詞短語(yǔ)?"(無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)都用is).如: 　　There are some birds in the tree. →What's in the tree? 　　②就there be后面的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí),句型用"where is / are + 主語(yǔ)?"如: 　　There is a car in the street. →Where is the car? 　?、厶釂?wèn)可數(shù)名詞(主語(yǔ))前的數(shù)量時(shí),用how many,句型結(jié)構(gòu)為"how many +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + are there + 其它?"(主語(yǔ)無(wú)論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),be通常要用are).
注意
　　當(dāng)there be后面的名詞時(shí)單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)be用is,當(dāng)后面是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),be用are. 　　“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本結(jié)構(gòu),there在句中處于主語(yǔ)位置,起形式主語(yǔ)的作用,真正的主語(yǔ)是隨后的名詞詞組.其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是be的各種時(shí)、體等形式.如： 　　There is ice on the lake. 湖上有冰. 　　There were three students in the classroom then. 當(dāng)時(shí)教室有三個(gè)學(xué)生. 　　There has never been anybody like you. 從來(lái)還沒(méi)有像你這樣的人. 　　There will be snow on high ground.在高地上將會(huì)有雪. 　　除此之外, there be句型還有一些特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)： 　　1. there + 情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞 + be表示 “預(yù)見(jiàn)”、“可能”、“必然”或“過(guò)去習(xí)慣存在”等.如： 　　There might be some desserts if you wait a bit. 如果你等一會(huì)兒,可能會(huì)有甜點(diǎn). 　　There ought to have been someone on duty all the time. 本來(lái)應(yīng)該有人全天值班. 　　There shall be no more wars. 再也不會(huì)打仗了. 　　也可以用there + 某些半助動(dòng)詞 + be(很少使用完成體形式),如：be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely to, have to be等. 　　There is going to be a rain. 要下雨了. 　　There's likely to be an interview.可能會(huì)有一場(chǎng)面試. 　　There has to be a mistake. 必定有錯(cuò). 　　2. 在正式文體中,某些表示存在、發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)、坐落等意義的不及物動(dòng)詞也可以與there連用,如：appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等.如： 　　There exist many ancient temples in the country. 那個(gè)國(guó)家有很多古老的寺廟. 　　There lies a small village in the mountain.山里有個(gè)小村子. 　　Once upon a time, there lived an old queer man in the city. 從前,城里住著個(gè)怪老頭. 　　There remains nothing more to be done. 沒(méi)有什么別的事可做了. 　　There followed the first world war. 接著就是第一次世界大戰(zhàn). 　　There flashed through his mind the image of a heroic fighter.他的頭腦中閃過(guò)英雄戰(zhàn)士的形象. 　　There sprang up a wild gale.突然刮起一陣狂風(fēng). 　　偶爾也能見(jiàn)到there后接及物動(dòng)詞： 　　There struck me a sudden idea. 突然我有了一個(gè)主意. 　　如果句中的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)前移就可以省略there. 如： 　　Behind the house (there) is a small river. 　　3. there + 不定式to be 或there + being形式,稱為非限定存在句,可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、介詞補(bǔ)足成分. 　　1) 作主語(yǔ) 　　There being a railway station in the town is a great advantage. 鎮(zhèn)上有個(gè)火車(chē)站,真方便呀! 　　“there to be+NP”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用for作引導(dǎo)詞: 　　　For there to be a mistake in a computer's arithmetic is impossible. 計(jì)算機(jī)計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤是不可能的. 　　It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新來(lái)者很少?zèng)]有遲到的. 　　2) 作賓語(yǔ) 　　The committee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion. 委員會(huì)期望在第二次討論中爭(zhēng)議能少一些. 　　We expect there to be no objections. 我們希望不會(huì)有人反對(duì). 　　I'd prefer there to be more cooperation. 我希望有更多的合作. 　　3) 作介詞補(bǔ)足成分 　　介詞是for, 用there to be形式；介詞不是for,則用there being形式. 　　What's the chance of there being an election this year?今年進(jìn)行選舉的可能性有多大? 　　We have no objection to there being a meeting here. 在這兒舉行會(huì)議,我們不反對(duì). 　　Jill is waiting for there to be a big party.吉爾等著舉行一次盛大的晚會(huì). 　　此外,there + being形式還可以用作狀語(yǔ)分句,形成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)： 　　There being no further discussion, the chairman stood up and left the meeting-room.沒(méi)有可討論的了,主席站了起來(lái),離開(kāi)了會(huì)議室. 　　There having been no rain,the stream was dry. 一直沒(méi)有下雨,小溪都干涸了.
句式分辨
　　“there be...”句型的難點(diǎn)在于它的非限定形式, 怎樣分辨使用there to be 和there being 呢? 兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵：它們?cè)诰渥又械某煞旨芭c句子中其他成分的搭配關(guān)系.如非限定形式的第2小點(diǎn)中的例句：anticipate與there being搭配,而expect 和prefer與there to be配伍.