這兩個(gè)屬于介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法,其實(shí)進(jìn)一步說屬于介詞如何選擇的問題,就是到底是用哪個(gè)介詞+which的用法,一般而言“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中介詞的確定可以從兩個(gè)方面確定：
1）介詞由先行詞決定,此時(shí)?？膳c關(guān)系副詞互換如：
I still remember the day on which you left for USA.我還記得你離開美國的日子.用on是因?yàn)閣hich代替先行詞the day,從句就相當(dāng)于you left for UAS on the day,而英語中在具體某一天前的介詞用on,此時(shí)on which=when.
I will visit the university in which I worked five years ago.我會(huì)參觀我五年前工作過的大學(xué)的.用in是因?yàn)閣hich代詞先行詞the university,從句相當(dāng)于I worked in the university five years ago.此時(shí)in which=where.
2）介詞根據(jù)從句中的動(dòng)詞、名詞或形容詞決定,因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)一般這個(gè)介詞與從句中的某個(gè)詞構(gòu)成短語.這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)不能換成關(guān)系副詞.如：
Do you know the university about which they are talking?你知道他們在談?wù)摰哪撬髮W(xué)嗎?此處選with是因?yàn)閣hich代詞先行詞the university,從句相當(dāng)于they are talking about the university.talk about sth討論.,故選about.此處不能換成關(guān)系副詞.
Forget the problem about which you are worried.忘記你擔(dān)心的問題吧.此處選about,是因?yàn)閎e worried about是固定短語.此處不能換成關(guān)系副詞.
其實(shí)簡單來說到底選什么介詞,你只要將先行詞帶入從句中就知道了,如：
The old man has two sons,____whom one is a university student.此處填什么介詞好呢?你知道將two sons帶入從句中變成 two sons one is a university student.就明白此處是指兩個(gè)兒子中的一個(gè),應(yīng)該為One of the two sons,所以介詞選of.
I arrived at a village,______which there lived a man of 100.此處填什么介詞呢?
變換句子,將先行詞帶入從句中成為a village there lived a man of qoo.很明顯這句話要表示在這個(gè)村里住著一個(gè)100歲的老人,所以介詞選in.
這就是介詞+關(guān)系代詞的基本用法,說得比較粗糙,希望對你有點(diǎn)幫助.還有問題繼續(xù)留言吧