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介詞賓語用法歸納
在通常情況下,介詞必須有自己的賓語.能充當(dāng)介詞賓語的成分很多.如：
1.名詞或代詞作介詞賓語.如：
He never goes out at night.他晚上從不出去.
Don’t hide behind others.不要躲在別人后面.
The town is beside the sea.城鎮(zhèn)坐落在海邊.
注意：若是人稱代詞用作介詞賓語,要注意用賓格.如：
He got there before me.他比我先到那兒.(不能用 before I)
2.動(dòng)名詞(短語)作介詞賓語.如：
She is quick at learning languages.她學(xué)語言學(xué)得很快.
He makes a living by teaching.他以教書為生.
In crossing the street he was run over.他在穿過馬路時(shí)被汽車撞倒.
3.從句作介詞賓語.如：
He was surprised at what she said.聽到她說的話,他很吃驚.
He began to think about what he would do.他開始考慮他該怎么辦.
注意：介詞后通常不接that從句,但表示“除外”的介詞except 是例外.如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from Paris.我只知道他是來自巴黎,其他的就不知道了.
另外,介詞后也不接 if 從句作賓語,遇此情況可用 whether.如：
We are worried about whether he will come.我們擔(dān)心他是否會(huì)來.
4.不定式(短語)作介詞賓語.如(from )：
He never did anything but watch TV.除了看電視,他從不干任何事.
It had no effect except to make him angry.除惹他生氣外,沒產(chǎn)生任何效果.
注意：在通常情況下,介詞后接動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞,不用不定式,但是表示“除外”的介詞 except 和 but 是例外,它們的后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常不用動(dòng)名詞,而用不定式.該不定式有時(shí)帶 to,有時(shí)不帶 to,情形比較復(fù)雜,大致原則是：其前有do,不定式不帶to；其前沒有do,不定式通常帶to.
另外,介詞后雖然通常不直接跟不定式作賓語,但卻可接“連接代詞(副詞)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu).如：
I bought a book on how to repair cars.我買了一本關(guān)于如何修理汽車的書.
5.副詞作介詞賓語.如：
I can’t stay for long.我不能久呆.
It’s too hot in here.這里面太熱了.
I looked everywhere except there.除了那兒,我到處都看過了.
副詞用作介詞賓語的情況并不常見,通常只限于某些表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的副詞,而且不同的副詞有不同的搭配特點(diǎn),如可說in here,但不能說come to here.
6.數(shù)詞作介詞賓語.如：
I get up at six.我6點(diǎn)起床(from www.zkenglish.com).
He was among the first to arrive.他是第一批到的.
7.介詞短語作介詞賓語.如：
Choose a book from among these.從這些書中選一本吧.
Suddenly he came out from behind the door.他突然從門后出來.
說明：通?？珊蠼咏樵~短語作賓語的介詞有 from,till,until,since,except,instead of 等.