∫1/sin(3x)dx
=1/3∫1/sin(3x)d3x
=1/3∫csc(3x)d3x
現(xiàn)在先來計算：∫cscxdx
∫cscxdx
=∫dx/sinx
=∫sinxdx/sin²x
=-∫dcosx/sin²x
=∫dcosx/(cos²x-1)
=(1/2)[∫dcosx/(cosx-1)-∫dcosx/(cosx+1)]
=(1/2)(ln|cosx-1|-ln|cosx+1|)
=(1/2)ln|(cosx-1)/(cosx+1)|
(對數(shù)里分子分母都乘以cosx-1)
=(1/2)ln|(cosx-1)²/sin²x|
=ln|(cosx-1)/sinx|
=ln|cotx-cscx|
所以
∫1/sin(3x)dx
=1/3∫1/sin(3x)d3x
=1/3∫csc(3x)d3x
=1/3ln|cot3x-csc3x|