1、in surprise與to one's surprise的區(qū)別
1）in surprise意為“驚奇地”常位于動詞之后作狀語,表示方式.如：
John turned around and looked at me in surprise．
約翰轉(zhuǎn)過身來,驚奇地望著我.
“A farmer?” said the Frenchman in surprise．
“農(nóng)夫?”那個法國人驚奇地說道.
He looked at me in surprise．他吃驚地看著我.
2）to one's surprise或to the surprise of sb．意為“使某人吃驚的是”、“出乎意料地”,常位于句首,作狀語,表示行為的結(jié)果.類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
to one's joy/delight/pleasure使某人高興的是
to one's sorrow使某人悲傷的是
to one's satisfaction使人滿意的是
有時為了強調(diào)產(chǎn)生某種情感的程度,可在to后面的名詞前加great, deep等形容詞或在to前加副詞much.如：
To the surprise of the young couple, they found the necklace missing．
使這對年輕夫婦驚奇的是,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)項鏈不見了.
To their great joy, the sailors saw land at last．
水手們終于見到陸地了,他們興奮不已.
Much to my surprise, she failed in the examination．
使我非常奇怪的是,她考試沒及格.
To my surprise, the door was unlocked．使我吃驚的是,門沒有鎖.
to my surprise = to the surprise of me = much to my surprise
2、take…by surprise的含義
短語動詞take…by surprise意為使……吃驚,使……出其不意,對……進行突然襲擊等.如：
I took him by surprise and he had no time to think of an excuse.
我（的詢問）使他出乎意料,他沒有時間想出借口.
She was so taken by surprise at his rudeness that she burst into tears.
她對他的粗魯行為毫無思想準備,以至突然哭了起來.
The enemy took the town by surprise. 敵軍對該城實行突然攻擊.
He took her by surprise．She hadn't expected him．他使她大吃一驚,她沒有想到他會來.
Their visit took me by surprise．他們的造訪使我大吃一驚.
3、be surprised at 對……感到驚奇
表示某種情緒、心情的起因時,常用at…這一介詞短語,表示“聽到…”或“看到…”而…
We were surprised at his arrival（到達）.
The child was frightened at the noise .
The teacher was glad at our progress.
I am surprised at you . 我對你的舉動感到詫異.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
注意：參考資料里還有