句子結(jié)構(gòu)
 

主語：only basic instincts

 

謂語部分：are carried in the genes of newborn baby,

 

伴隨狀語：other skills being learned from others in the community as the baby grows up

   其中——
　　【邏輯主語】other skills
　　【被動語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在分詞短語】being learned from others in the community as the baby grows up（other skills being learned 指逐步被學習）
 
分詞短語可以作時間、原因、條件、方式和伴隨狀語.如果分詞的行為者不是句子的主語,這個分詞就需要帶有自己行為者作邏輯主語.這種邏輯主語是獨立于句子主語的另一個主格形式,因此這種結(jié)構(gòu)就稱作獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu).
 
other skills being learned … 正是這種結(jié)構(gòu),即“其他技能是被學習而來”.
 
作伴隨狀語的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)也可以改寫如下：
 

用 and 連接：Only basic instincts are carried in the genes of newborn baby and other skills are learned from others in the community as the baby grows up.

用while 表示轉(zhuǎn)折：Only basic instincts are carried in the genes of newborn baby,while other skills are learned from others in the community as the baby grows up

 
參考譯文：唯一的本能是由新生兒的基因攜帶的,其他技能則是隨著這個嬰兒的成長通過身邊的其他人習得而來的.