there is not one here 主謂部分
who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning,of the very same kind,though differing in degree定語(yǔ)從句,修飾one
其中有難詞：
1.set sth in motion 開(kāi)始做某事且不停地做
to start a process or series of events that will continue for some time
如 The Church voted to set in motion the process allowing women to be priests.
2.a complex train of
a train of sth 一系列
a series of events or actions that are related
如：The decision set off a train of events which led to his resignation.
本句中復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)：
1.of the very same kind
定語(yǔ),修飾reasoning
2.though differing in degree
分詞短語(yǔ),修飾kind
翻譯：可能沒(méi)有這種人,他在一天內(nèi)有時(shí)間對(duì)同樣一類的（事物）進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的理性思考,盡管這類的思考可能程度不同.
as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.
as介詞,（如同,像）,that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena介詞賓語(yǔ)
which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena 定語(yǔ)從句修飾that,
翻譯：比如,一個(gè)搞科學(xué)的人（不可能）整天研究自然現(xiàn)象的成因.
這句話是舉例說(shuō)明上句,所以加上了“不可能”