英語(yǔ)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的三要素
[第一要素]一般將來(lái)時(shí)的概述
一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也可以表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.常常和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:tomorrow,next week,in 2008等.請(qǐng)看表演秀:
Li Lei will visit her grandmother tomorrow morning. 明天上午,李蕾將去看望她奶奶.
[第二要素]常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)大比拼
1. “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表示按照主觀意圖打算或按計(jì)劃,安排將要做的事,有“打算、就要”的意思.也常用于表示從跡象上表明將要發(fā)生的事情,多指?jìng)€(gè)人主觀臆斷的推測(cè).如:Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看這些云,要下雨了.
2. “shall或will+動(dòng)詞原形”指對(duì)將來(lái)事物近期或遠(yuǎn)期的預(yù)見(jiàn),表達(dá)個(gè)人主觀意圖以及征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng).在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中,shall多用于第一人稱;在口語(yǔ)中,will可以用于任何人稱.如:I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一給你看我的照片.
[第三要素]句型轉(zhuǎn)換秀
1. “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句是將be的相應(yīng)形式前移到句首,即“Are/Is/Am+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?”.其否定句是在be動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式后加not.如:
(1)They are going to play football this afternoon.(肯定句)
(2)Are they going to play football this afternoon?(一般疑問(wèn)句)
(3)They are not going to play football this afternoon. (否定句)
2. “shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句是將shall或will前移到句首,即“Shall/Will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?”.其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如:
(1)Our teacher will come back very soon. (肯定句)
(2)Will our teacher come back very soon?(一般疑問(wèn)句)
(3)Our teacher won’t come back very soon. (否定句)
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一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成
I/ we shall work
he/ she/ it/ you/ they will work
shall用于第一人稱,在美語(yǔ)中除了疑問(wèn)句中的第一人稱用“shall”外,其余都用“will”.
will在陳述句中用于各人稱,在疑問(wèn)句中常用于第二人稱.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(1)
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.
Perhaps I shall (will) pay a visit to France this winter.
我可能在今年冬天到法國(guó)觀光.
We shan't (won’t) be free tomorrow.
我們明天沒(méi)空.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
今晚七點(diǎn)你會(huì)在家嗎?
The agreement will come into force next spring.
協(xié)議將在明年春天生效.
常用于此類情況的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:
1.表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
tomorrow明天,next year明年,from now on從現(xiàn)在起,in a month一個(gè)月之后,in the future將來(lái),等.
2.包含現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
today今天,this evening今天晚上,this week這個(gè)星期,this month這個(gè)月,this year今年,等.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(2)
“be going to +不定式”多用于口語(yǔ)中,表示打算、將要發(fā)生的事.
What are you going to do tomorrow?
明天你要干什么?
We are going to visit the Summer Palace next week.
下個(gè)星期我們要去參觀頤和園.
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
看那烏云,暴風(fēng)雨快來(lái)了.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(3)
“be +不定式”表示安排或計(jì)劃好了的動(dòng)作.
When are they to hand in their plan?
他們的計(jì)劃什么時(shí)候交上來(lái)?
The queen is to visit Japan next year.
女王將于明年訪日.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(4)
“be about +不定式”表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.
He is about to retire.
他即將退休.
The English evening is about to begin.
英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)即將開(kāi)始.
注意:be about to 一般不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(5)
come,go等動(dòng)詞用“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的事.
He starts next week.
他下個(gè)星期出發(fā).
We leave very soon.
我們很快就離開(kāi).
The train starts at 10 o'clock in the morning.
火車將在早上10點(diǎn)開(kāi)出.
這類用法限于表示"移動(dòng)"的動(dòng)詞:come來(lái),go去,leave離開(kāi),start出發(fā),begin開(kāi)始,arrive到達(dá),depart離開(kāi),stay逗留,等.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法(6)
come,go等動(dòng)詞在口語(yǔ)中用“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)”表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃將要作的動(dòng)作.
They are leaving for New York tomorrow.
明天他們將要?jiǎng)由砬巴~約.
Is your brother departing soon?
你的兄弟很快就要啟程嗎?
這類情況常與come來(lái),go去,leave離開(kāi),start開(kāi)始,begin開(kāi)始,arrive到達(dá),depart離開(kāi),stay逗留,等動(dòng)詞連用.所用的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)作而不是狀態(tài),主語(yǔ)必須是人.
come,go等動(dòng)詞的用法比較
come,go等動(dòng)詞用“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的事.(較為嚴(yán)格,正式;主語(yǔ)可以是人,也可以是交通工具、會(huì)議、戲劇或電影.) come,go等動(dòng)詞在口語(yǔ)中用“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)”表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃將要作的動(dòng)作.(較為寬松,主語(yǔ)必須是人.)
The train leaves the station at 11:20.
火車將在11點(diǎn)20分離站.
We are leaving for Boston next week.
我們將在下周前往波士頓.
What time does the film begin?
電影幾點(diǎn)開(kāi)映?
Is your sister staying here long?
你的姐妹在這兒會(huì)逗留很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間嗎?
He starts next week.
他下周出發(fā).
She is departing soon.
她很快就要?jiǎng)由?
will和be going to的選用原則
1. 關(guān)于“打算”
原先作好的打算用“be going to”.
“Kate is in hospital.” “Yes, I know. I am going to see her this afternoon.”
“凱特在住院.”“是的,我知道.我下午要去看她.”
說(shuō)話時(shí)即時(shí)的打算用“will”.
“Kate is in hospital.” “Oh, really, I didn’t know. I will go and see her at once.”
“凱特在住院.”“哦,是嗎?我都不知道呢.我得馬上去看她.”
2. 關(guān)于“預(yù)料”
在有跡象表明的情況下的預(yù)料用“be going to”
Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
你看天上的云.快下雨了.
My God! We are going to crash.
天哪!我們快撞車了.
在沒(méi)有跡象表明的情況下進(jìn)行的猜測(cè)用“will,be going to”皆可.
I think the weather will be nice.
I think the weather is going to be nice.
我想天會(huì)晴朗.
Do you think the car will start?
Do you think the car is going to start?
你想車能發(fā)動(dòng)起來(lái)嗎?
當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示內(nèi)心活動(dòng)時(shí),表示猜測(cè)的句子必須用“will”
I think she will like the cake I made for her.
我想她會(huì)喜歡我為她做的蛋糕.
常和一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.
Perhaps I shall (will) pay a visit to France this winter.
我可能在今年冬天到法國(guó)觀光.
We shan't (won’t) be free tomorrow.
我們明天沒(méi)空.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
今晚七點(diǎn)你會(huì)在家嗎?
The agreement will come into force next spring.
協(xié)議將在明年春天生效.
常用于此類情況的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:
1.表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
tomorrow明天,next year明年,from now on從現(xiàn)在起,in a month一個(gè)月之后,in the future將來(lái),等.
2.包含現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
today今天,this evening今天晚上,this week這個(gè)星期,this month這個(gè)月,this year今年,等.
求采納為滿意回答.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題
一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的三單形式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去式.
buy________________ fly________________ plant__________________ study___________________
drink_______________ play_______________ go____________________ make___________________
do_________________ dance______________ worry_________________ ask____________________
taste_______________ eat_______________ read__________________ put____________________
let_________________ run_______________ keep__________________ have___________________
find________________ get_______________ take___________________ ring___________________
write_______________ sleep______________ give__________________ stop___________________
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) __________ they ________ to China in 1990?
2.I was ill for two days last week?(同上) ________ ________ ill for two days last week?
3.The twins go to school on foot every day.(同上) _________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day?
4.She washed the clothes last Sunday.( 變否定句) She _________ ________ the clothes last Sunday.
5.She did some shopping yesterday.(變否定句) _______________________________________
6.My mother likes her students.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) _______________________________________
一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的三單形式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去式.
buy________________ fly________________ plant__________________ study___________________
drink_______________ play_______________ go____________________ make___________________
do_________________ dance______________ worry_________________ ask____________________
taste_______________ eat_______________ read__________________ put____________________
let_________________ run_______________ keep__________________ have___________________
find________________ get_______________ take___________________ ring___________________
write_______________ sleep______________ give__________________ stop___________________
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) __________ they ________ to China in 1990?
2.I was ill for two days last week?(同上) ________ ________ ill for two days last week?
3.The twins go to school on foot every day.(同上) _________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day?
4.She washed the clothes last Sunday.( 變否定句) She _________ ________ the clothes last Sunday.
5.She did some shopping yesterday.(變否定句) _______________________________________
6.My mother likes her students.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) _______________________________________
英語(yǔ)人氣:833 ℃時(shí)間:2019-08-20 07:32:03
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