一、什么叫狀語?就是動詞的八個狀態(tài):時間、地點、原因、狀態(tài)、目的、結(jié)果、方式、程度.
修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成份叫狀語.例如：
My parents often tell us about their bitter life in the past．我父母經(jīng)常給我們講他們過去的苦難生活.
She studies hard．她努力學習.
I am very tired．我非常疲倦.
二、什么可以作狀語?
1．副詞：Say again．再說一遍.
Suddenly it began to rain．天突然下雨了.
2．介詞短語：
Please come here in the evening．請晚上來這兒.
He wrote with a red pencil．他用紅鉛筆寫的.
3．動詞不定式（或不定式短語）：
He went to see a film．他看電影去了.
My father was surprised to hear the news．
我父親聽到這個消息,感到驚奇.
4．分詞（或分詞短語）：
He sat there reading a novel．他坐在那兒看小說.
The students went away laughing．學生們笑著走開了.
5．名詞：
Wait a moment．等一會兒.
It can go all day and all night．它能整日整夜地走.
6．狀語從句：
I’ll write to you as soon as I get there．
我一到那兒就給你寫信.
He didn’t come because he had to stay at home to finish his home work．他沒來,因為他不得不留在家里完成家庭作業(yè).
三、狀語的分類：
狀語按用途可分為：地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、程度、方式、伴隨情況等幾類.
1．地點狀語：
The students are doing their homework in the classroom．學生們正在教室里做作業(yè).
2．時間狀語：
I learned a lot from the peasants when I lived in the countryside．我在農(nóng)村生活時,向農(nóng)民學到很多東西.
3．目的狀語：
They set out early so that they might arrive on time．他們早點動身,以便準時到達.
4．原因狀語：
She will not go home because she has to attend a meeting．因為要開會,所以她不能回家了.
5．結(jié)果狀語：
Li Ming studied so hard that he caught up with the others very quickly．李明學習如此努力,結(jié)果很快趕上了其他人.
6．程度狀語：
I nearly forgot what he had promised．
我?guī)缀跬浟怂饝氖?
7．方式狀語：
He came singing and dancing．他唱著跳著走過來.
8．條件狀語：
If you work hard at English,you will do well in English．如果你努力學習英語,你的英語成績就會好.
9．讓步狀語：
He went to school yesterday though he was ill．
昨天他盡管有病,仍上學去了.
10．比較狀語：
Lesson Two is not so difficult as Lesson One．
第二課不像第一課那樣難.
四、狀語的位置：
一般說來狀語在句中的位置比較靈活,它可以處于句首、句中或句末.
1．狀語位于句首：為了強調(diào)狀語或者為了使它與上下文緊密銜接,通常把狀語放于句首.
Tomorrow I am going swimming．明天我要去游泳.
Here in the cinema house,smoking is not allowed．
在電影院這里不準吸煙的.
2．狀語位于句中：狀語在句中的位置是：
(1)如果沒有助動詞,狀語就位于動詞前面.
I often go to see a film．我經(jīng)?？措娪?
(2)如果動詞前有一個或幾個助動詞,狀語位于第一個助動詞之后.
He has already had his lunch．他已吃過午飯了.
(3)如果動詞是be,狀語就放在be動詞之后.
He is always at home．他總是在家.