表語(yǔ)很好找的,只要有系動(dòng)詞,跟在系動(dòng)詞后的就是表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的特征,狀態(tài),身份,類屬.主語(yǔ)、系詞和表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu),其中系詞和表語(yǔ)合起來構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ).充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的有名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,動(dòng)名詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,形容詞,副詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,介詞短語(yǔ)或從句.
例：He is a teacher.(teacher名)
It is hers.（物主代詞hers）
Who is she?（人稱代詞Who）
Two times three is six.（基數(shù)詞six）
He was the first to get there.（序數(shù)詞 the first ）
She is very kind.（形容詞very kind）
My father is out.（副詞out）
His job is to teach.（不定式to teach）
Talking is not doing.（動(dòng)名詞doing）
His speech is surprising.（現(xiàn)在分詞surprising）
I am surprised at his speech .（過去分詞surprised）
Japan is in the east of Asia.（介詞短語(yǔ)in the east of Asia）
That is what I want to say.（從句what I want to say）
常見的系動(dòng)詞有：
（表示身份,狀態(tài)的）be,（表示變化的）become,get,turn,grow,stay,（表示感覺的）smell,taste,feel,sound,seem,look,appear
補(bǔ)語(yǔ)分為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),用以補(bǔ)足主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作、位置等.可以作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的有：名詞,不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語(yǔ).
常見的可以帶賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞及句型有
call sb/sth sth.
allow/ask/order/tell/teach sb to do sth
see/hear/make/have/watch sb do/doing sth
keep sb doing sth.
keep sth.+形容詞
find sb./sth.doing/介詞短語(yǔ)
例：We call her Lucy.(名詞 Lucy )
I allow him to have a look.(不定式 to have a look)
He kept me waiting half a day.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)waiting half a day)
I saw him wounded.(過去分詞wounded)
It drove her mad.(形容詞 mad)
Let's show him out.(副詞out)
They found the boy in the well.(介詞短語(yǔ)in the well)
在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中,原主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)變成了主語(yǔ),相應(yīng)原來的賓補(bǔ)也就變成了主補(bǔ).例如：
主動(dòng)句：They found the boy in the well.（in the well為賓補(bǔ)）
被動(dòng)句：The boy was found in the well.（in the well為主補(bǔ)）