有很多種的.
感覺(jué)你的概念還不是很清晰.
我細(xì)細(xì)給你說(shuō)吧.
現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示的動(dòng)詞,有時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后.
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again.= I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再見到你.
2) 完成時(shí)：表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前.
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.
He seems to be eating something.
4) 完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀 態(tài),其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系.動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或 狀態(tài).其構(gòu)成：have (has) +過(guò)去分詞 過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響.
2）過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).
一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
yesterday,last week,…ago,in1980,in October,just now,具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
this morning,tonight,this April,now,once,before,already,recently,lately
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till / until,up to now,in past years,always,
不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)till / until,up to now,in past years,always,
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1） 概念：表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去
----|-------|-----|---->其構(gòu)成是had +過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成.將來(lái)完成時(shí)
構(gòu)成will / be going to do sth.
2) 概念
a.狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài).
b.動(dòng)作完成：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作之前,已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或一獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn).
They will have been married for 20 years by then.
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法：
a.表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情.
We are waiting for you.
b.習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行.
Mr.Green is writing another novel.
(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫,只處于寫作的狀態(tài).)
She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.
c.表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等.
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d.與always,constantly,forever 等詞連用,表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩.
You are always changing your mind.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)~DO
一般過(guò)去時(shí)~DONE
一般將來(lái)時(shí)~SHALL/WILL DO
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)~SHOULD/WOULD DO
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)~BE(AM/ARE/IS) DOING
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)~WAS/WERE DOING
將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)~SHALL/WILL BE DOING
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)~HAS/HAVE DONE
過(guò)去完成時(shí)~HAD DONE
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)~HAS/HAVE BEEN DOING
以前的筆記起作用了~哈`
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) be,do/does
一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were,did
一般將來(lái)時(shí) will,be going to
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) be doing
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were doing
將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) will be doing
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has done
過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have/has been doing
過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) had been doing
小小拙見,僅為參考···
時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是一個(gè)概念的.
這么說(shuō)吧,寫作別人一般會(huì)說(shuō)“時(shí)態(tài)”；如果平常是說(shuō)話,就是所謂的“語(yǔ)態(tài)”.
當(dāng)然啦,你可以把他們當(dāng)一個(gè)看待.
就像我們老師說(shuō)的,現(xiàn)在不需要弄得太清楚,如果要細(xì)分,必須在上了大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)專業(yè)后才會(huì)分的很清的啦!