八年級下冊英語重點短語及句型總匯
常見動詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié)
固定用法(非謂語動詞)：以下是帶to的動詞不定式常見搭配
★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★決定做某事decide to do sth.
★同意做某事agree to do sth.★需要某人做某事need to do sth.
★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do
★準備做某事get/be ready to do★盡力/努力做某事try to do sth
★計劃做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do
★輪流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.
★告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★請某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth
★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth.
★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. .
★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.
★幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
★encourage sb to do 鼓勵某人做
★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事
例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時候了
例句:It’s time for me to go home.
★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對于某人來說做某事是……（當adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時用of）
例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時間
例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.
2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.
3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.
★too+adj./adv. to do sth.太…..而不能
例: He was to angry to say a word.
★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認為/感到做某事是…
例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
★序數(shù)詞+to do 第…..個做某事
例句:Who is the first to get there?
★我不知/忘記了怎么辦.I didn't know/forgot what to do.
★離開房間時不要忘記/記住關燈
例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
★be+adj+to do sth
例句:1.I am very sorry to hear that.
2.I am ready to help others.
3.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.
順口溜：本領最多不定式,主表定補賓和狀；樣樣成分都能干,只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心,有時它把句型改；作主語時用it,自己在后把身藏；七個感官三使役,賓補要把to甩開；疑問詞后接上它,賓語從句可充當；邏輯主語不定式,不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定,各種用法區(qū)別開.
以下是不帶to的動詞不定式(即動詞原形)的常見用法
★let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 ★ make do sth使得某人做某事
★ hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事 ★see do sth do sth看見某人做某事
★why not 或why don’t you +動詞原形?為什么不….?（表示建議）
例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?
★某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
★情態(tài)動詞can/may /must /should+ 動詞原形（包括情態(tài)動詞的否定形式+動詞原形）
★助動詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問句或者構(gòu)成否定句即don’t/doesn’t /didn’t/will not/would not+ 動詞原形
★be going to + 動詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事）
常見動名詞、分詞的習慣用法總結(jié)
使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態(tài)中.如：1.He is watching TV in the room.
2.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中.如：There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中.如：We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞后面.如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball?
What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣? I am interested in playing football.
5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中
1.enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事；
2.finish doing sth；完成做某事；
3.feel like doing sth想要做某事；
4.stop doing sth停止做某事（原來的事）
5.forget doing sth 忘記做過某事；
6.go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事（原來的事）；
7.remember doing sth 記得做過某事；
8.like doing sth 喜歡做某事；
9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing發(fā)現(xiàn)/看到/聽到/觀看某人做
10.try doing sth試圖做某事；
11.need doing sth需要做某事；
12.prefer doing sth寧愿做某事；
13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；
14.miss doing sth錯過做某事；
15.practice doing sth 練習做某事；
16.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；
17.can't help doing sth禁不住做某事；
18.waste time/money doing浪費時間/金錢做…;
19.keep sb.doing 讓…始終/一直做…
20. stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事
21.prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜歡做A更喜歡做B
22. “do some +doing”短語
如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking
23．“go doing”短語去做某事（主要指文娛活動等）
如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打獵)
語法：
動詞不定式
(1) 動詞不定式常跟這些及物動詞之后,want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等.可用順口溜(要想拒絕忘記,需要努力學習,喜歡同意幫助,希望決定開始)
(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
(3) 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用. Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
(4) 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
重點語法
動詞不定式
(1) 動詞不定式常跟這些及物動詞之后,want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等.可用順口溜(要想拒絕忘記,需要努力學習,喜歡同意幫助,希望決定開始)
(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
(3) 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用. Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
(4) 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
重點語法 時間狀語從句
1.引導詞：
(1) when, while , as 當……時候. when 后可跟短暫性動詞也可跟延續(xù)性動詞;while 后跟延續(xù)性動詞;as 多用于口語,強調(diào)同一時間,或一前一后.
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學生在教室里談話時,老師進來了.
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌.
(2)not … until 直到……才,主句謂語動詞常用短暫性動詞.
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之后,before 在……之前,as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 時態(tài)
(1)當主句為一般過去時時,從句常用過去的某種時態(tài).
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)當主句的時態(tài)為一般將來時, 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時.
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
重點語法 條件狀語從句
1.條件狀語從句由if(如果),unless(除非)等 引導的,謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,主句用一般將來時.
主句 if從句
Will (must, should, may) 一般現(xiàn)在時
如：I won’t go if he doesn’t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引導的結(jié)果句,祈使句在意義上相當于條件狀語從句.
如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.