過去分詞作狀語
【考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航】
1.Ideally ______ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue,the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.(2008上海)
A.locating B.being located C.having been located D.located
2._______for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.(2006福建)
A.Blaming B.Blamed C.To blame D.To be blamed
Keys:1-2 DB
【重點(diǎn)歸納】
過去分詞作狀語,對謂語部分進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充,說明動作發(fā)生的背景和情況.
1.用作原因狀語.可以改寫為一個原因狀語從句.如：
Caught in a heavy rain (= Because he was caught in a heavy rain),he was all wet.
由于受雨淋,他全身都濕透了.
2.作讓步狀語.可以改寫為一個讓步狀語從句.如：
Although published many times (= Although the book has been published many times),the book still sells well in the market.
盡管發(fā)行過多次,這本書仍然銷路很好.
Defeated (= Though he was defeated),he remained a popular boxer.
盡管被打敗,他仍然是一個受歡迎的拳擊手.
3.作時間狀語.可以改寫為一個時間狀語從句.如：
(When) given a medical examination (= When you are given a medical examination),you should keep calm.
做體檢時,你得保持安靜.
4.作條件狀語.可以改寫為一個條件狀語從句.如：
Once visited (= Once it is visited),the city will never be forgotten.
一旦訪問,這所城市就不會被忘記.
United,we stand; divided,we fall.(= If we are united,we stand; if we are divided,we fall.)
團(tuán)結(jié)起來,我們就能站立起來；如果分裂,我們將倒下.
5.作伴隨或方式狀語.可以改寫為相應(yīng)的狀語從句.如：
He finally arrived,tired out from such a long walk (= and he was tired out from such a long
walk).
他終于到達(dá)了,走那么長的路累得他不得了.
Followed by his dog,the hunter walked slowly in the forest.
獵人緩慢地在森林里走著,后面跟著他的狗.
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.(＝ as if he was bitten by a snake).
他哭了起來好像被蛇咬了.
6.過去分詞的否定式是把not放到過去分詞前.如：
Not born into a rich family,he felt rather regretful.
他很遺憾的是沒生在富人之家.
單元語法拾遺
[原句 The old town is on the side of the mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 meter Yulong Xueshan Mountain,it’s peak covered with snow.(P58)
it’s peak covered with snow是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)注意的事項：
1.獨(dú)立主格多用在主語不同的狀語從句中,而分詞短語多用在主語相同的狀語從句中.如：
The key having been lost,she could not enter the flat.（此句是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),改寫成狀語從句時主語與主句不同.）
Looking out of the window,I saw a group of children.（此句是分詞短語,改寫成狀語從句時,主語都是I.）
2.在下列兩種情況下不能省略獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的being
1）當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格的邏輯主語是代詞時：It being fine,we decided to go on a trip.
2）在There being＋名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中.There being no bus,we had to walk home.
3.如果獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)部分的動作發(fā)生在主句之前,就要使用完成式.如：
Everyone having taken their seats,the meeting began.
原見于《學(xué)生雙語報》配合高二外研版第32期