跪求幫忙翻譯這段文字英文!論文的 希望不要用機器翻譯
Data Sets
The1993 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS),17 the NHIS linked to the National Death Index (NDI) through 199518 (the most current nationally representative sources for information on the relationships between health insurance and HRQL and mortality), and the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey19 (MEPS) were respectively used to estimate HRQL scores, mortality rates, and costs after adjustment for possible confounding. The NHIS is a nationally representative sample of self-reported demographic information, illnesses, conditions, and health status of noninstitutionalized people.17 The NDI contains all deaths in the United States since 1975 and uses personal identifiers to accurately link records to survey data.18,20 Approximately 96% of respondents provided information on all outcomes of interest. In order to avoid biasing estimates toward more favorable cost effectiveness ratios, subjects who reported having no insurance due to poor health, who lost their insurance due to unemployment, and those with Medicare, Medicaid, or other types of government insurance were excluded. This yielded 24,578 subjects with 140 deaths through 1996.
Health-related quality-of-life scores were derived from the Health and Activities Limitation Index (HALex). The HALex is comprised of two health domains, self-rated health and role limitations, that were obtained from the NHIS and combined using correspondence analysis and multiattribute utility scaling. 21 The values from these analyses are then linked to the Health Utility Index. The HALex exhibits reasonable validity (see also the technical appendix), but is less sensitive to the full spectrum of morbidity than other measures.22 Details of these methods have been published elsewhere.21