aren't I
簡(jiǎn)單句式結(jié)構(gòu)中反意疑問句的運(yùn)用
1.當(dāng)陳述句部分的主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí),反意疑問句的主語(yǔ)必須用人稱代詞來代替.
例 Your brother has gone to the library,hasn't he 你弟弟去圖書館了,是嗎
2,當(dāng)陳述句的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞this,that時(shí),反意疑問句的主語(yǔ)用it代替;指示代詞是these,those時(shí),反意疑問句的主語(yǔ)用they代替.
例 That isn't a useful book,is it 那不是一本有用的書,是嗎
These are important reading materials,aren't they 這些都是重要的閱讀材料,是嗎
3,當(dāng)陳述句部分是I am…時(shí),反意疑問句部分通常要用aren't I;如陳述句部分的主語(yǔ)是I am not時(shí),反意疑問句部分通常要用am I.
例 I'm late for the meeting,aren't I 我開會(huì)遲到了,是嗎 I'm not doing well,am I
4,當(dāng)陳述部分是everyone / everybody,someone / somebody,no one / nobody,none等表示人的不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問句部分的主語(yǔ)多用they,但也可用he;當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everything,anything,something,nothing等表示物的不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問句部分的主語(yǔ)用it.
例 Nobody came when I was out,did they 我在外時(shí),沒人來過,是嗎
Everything has gone wrong today,hasn't it 今天什么都出問題了,是不是
5,當(dāng)陳述部分是"there be + 主語(yǔ) + 其它"結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問部分要用"be (not) + there"結(jié)構(gòu).例 There are some bananas in the basket,aren't there 籃子里有些香蕉,是嗎
6,祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí),除了Let's 開頭的祈使句,疑問部分用shall we 之外,其余一律用will you ,在這里并非表示疑問,而是進(jìn)一步叮嚀囑托.只不過shall you 也包括說話人在內(nèi).例Let's go to see the film together,shall we 我們一起去看電影,好嗎
Let us go to see the film together,will you 我們一起去看電影,好嗎
7當(dāng)陳述部分是 "had better +動(dòng)詞原形 是,疑問部分用" had\ hadn't +主語(yǔ)"
例You'd better go to school now,hadn't you 你最好現(xiàn)在就去學(xué)校,好嗎
8,當(dāng)陳述部分有hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely,seldom,few,little,no,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),反意疑問句部分要用肯定形式.
注 如果陳述句部分是帶有否定前綴或后綴時(shí),反意疑問句部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu).
例 It's impossible for him to make such a mistake,isn't it 他不可能犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤,是嗎
9,感嘆句的反意疑問句一律使用否定式,并用be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式.
例 What a foolish child (he is),isn't he 多傻的孩子啊,不是嗎
10反意疑問句用于主從復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí),要注意以下情況
1.)一般情況下,陳述句部分是主從復(fù)合句時(shí),反意疑問句部分的代詞和助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主句中的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞保持一致.
例 This is the second time that he has been to Japan,isn't it 這是他第二次去日本,是嗎
2.)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,如果陳述句部分是"I think (believe,suppose,imagine,expect等) + 賓語(yǔ)從句",反意疑問句部分應(yīng)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主謂保持一致,并要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移.例 I don't think you have heard of him before,have you 我認(rèn)為你以前沒有聽說過他,是嗎 注 當(dāng)think等這些動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱,或主語(yǔ)是第一人稱,而動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí),這時(shí),反意疑問句的助動(dòng)詞和人稱代詞要與主句保持一致.
例 Mary thinks you will come to the party,doesn't she 瑪麗認(rèn)為你將來參加晚會(huì),是嗎
三 反意疑問句的回答 " 根據(jù)事實(shí)回答"
對(duì)反意疑問句的回答,無論問題的提法如何,如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用yes,事實(shí)是否定的,就要用no.要特別注意陳述句部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu),反意疑問句部分用肯定式提問時(shí),回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)正好相反.這種省略回答的yes要譯成"不",no要譯成"是".
例 ---He likes playing football,doesn't he 他喜歡踢足球,是嗎
---Yes,he does./ No,he doesn't.是的./ 不是.
---His sister didn't attend the meeting,did she 他妹妹沒有參加會(huì)議,是嗎
---Yes,she did./ No,she didn't.不,她參加了./ 是的,她沒參加.
鞏固練習(xí) 1.---They don't seem to answer the phone.---There isn't anyone at home,________
2 There aren't many cafes.We'd better stop at the next place we see,_______
3.Let us take the taxi,_______ Don't open the door,
4.Comrade Li came here yesterday.I don't believe you've seen him before,
5.Tom told the story,His parents laugh ,
6.Everyone is here,Everything is ok,
7.I'm much better today,
8.What bad weather!How beautiful the flowers are!
9 Mary has never been to Beijing,
10.This is a book,Those are boats,