注意義務(wù) ( Duty of care )
(1) Donoghue v.Stevenson [1932] A.C.562一案中,原告購買了一瓶姜啤,喝了一半后,后現(xiàn)瓶內(nèi)有蝸牛殘骸,因而控告姜啤制造商有過失.法院判定生產(chǎn)商對最后消費(fèi)者負(fù)有注意義務(wù),即瓶內(nèi)不應(yīng)存在害的物質(zhì).
Lord Atkin判詞中說：「你一定要盡注意義務(wù),避免一些合理地預(yù)見到會傷害你的鄰居的行為或過錯(cuò).」鄰居指被告應(yīng)該合理地預(yù)見到,會受上述行為或過錯(cuò)直接和接近地影響到的人.這是所謂「鄰居原則」( neighbour principle ).
(2) 測試是否有注意義務(wù),應(yīng)考慮損害是否可以預(yù)見,又雙方是否很接近.
(3) 原告只要是被告所預(yù)見到的一類人即可,無需是特定的個(gè)人.
Haley v.London Electricity Board一案中,被告公司在街上挖了一條溝,并做了一些適合明目人士的警告設(shè)施.原告是盲人,因警告設(shè)施不足而致受傷.法院判被告公司應(yīng)預(yù)見到街上有盲人走動.
"neighbour principle "內(nèi)容的翻譯
"neighbour principle "內(nèi)容的翻譯
persons who are so closely and directly affected (proximity) by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation (foreseeable) as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are being called in question.在尾部我不是很明白他說什么東東“as being so affected when I am
directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are being called in question.”求這部分的翻譯.謝謝了...
persons who are so closely and directly affected (proximity) by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation (foreseeable) as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are being called in question.在尾部我不是很明白他說什么東東“as being so affected when I am
directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are being called in question.”求這部分的翻譯.謝謝了...
英語人氣：787 ℃時(shí)間：2020-06-09 16:35:50
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